Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Breastfeed Med. 2011 Feb;6(1):7-14. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2010.0103.
The value of breastfeeding for mothers, babies, and society is well established, yet in the United States too many women do not breastfeed. The U.S. Public Health Service set forth breastfeeding goals for 2010 and subsequently developed report cards so that breastfeeding trends could be followed for each state. Many efforts are made by healthcare professionals to encourage and support new mothers, but some areas in the United States have low levels of breastfeeding. This report examines aspects of obstetricians' education, role, and responsibility to promote and support breastfeeding. Additionally, some current trends affecting the practice of breastfeeding are considered, including shorter hospital stays, rapidly rising cesarean delivery rates (soon to approach 50%), and increasing proportion of working mothers. Because obstetricians often have the first contact with expectant mothers and there are over 20 million prenatal visits annually in the United States, obstetricians have many opportunities to promote breastfeeding. Together with the efforts of other physicians, nurses, and lactation specialists, we can improve the efforts to promote and support breastfeeding.
母乳喂养对母亲、婴儿和社会的价值已得到充分证实，但在美国，仍有许多女性不进行母乳喂养。美国公共卫生服务部门制定了 2010 年母乳喂养目标，并随后制定了报告卡，以便跟踪每个州的母乳喂养趋势。医疗保健专业人员为鼓励和支持新妈妈做出了许多努力，但美国的一些地区母乳喂养水平较低。本报告探讨了妇产科医生在促进和支持母乳喂养方面的教育、角色和责任。此外，还考虑了一些影响母乳喂养实践的当前趋势，包括住院时间缩短、剖宫产率迅速上升（很快将接近 50%）以及职业母亲比例增加。由于妇产科医生通常是与孕妇的第一次接触，而美国每年有超过 2000 万次产前检查，因此妇产科医生有很多机会促进母乳喂养。我们可以与其他医生、护士和哺乳专家一起努力，改善促进和支持母乳喂养的工作。
