Tropical Disease Institute, Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Parasit Vectors. 2011 Feb 18;4:20. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-20.
This year-long study evaluated the effectiveness of a strategy involving selective deltamethrin spraying and community education for control of Chagas disease vectors in domestic units located in rural communities of coastal Ecuador.
Surveys for triatomines revealed peridomestic infestation with Rhodnius ecuadoriensis and Panstrongylus howardi, with infestation indices remaining high during the study (13%, 17%, and 10%, at initial, 6-month, and 12-month visits, respectively), which indicates a limitation of this strategy for triatomine population control. Infestation was found 6 and 12 months after spraying with deltamethrin. In addition, a large number of previously vector-free domestic units also were found infested at the 6- and 12-month surveys, which indicates new infestations by sylvatic triatomines. The predominance of young nymphs and adults suggests new infestation events, likely from sylvatic foci. In addition, infection with Trypanosoma cruzi was found in 65%, 21% and 29% at initial, 6-month and 12-month visits, respectively. All parasites isolated (n = 20) were identified as TcI.
New vector control strategies need to be devised and evaluated for reduction of T. cruzi transmission in this region.
本为期一年的研究评估了一种策略的有效性，该策略涉及选择性使用除虫菊酯喷雾剂和社区教育，以控制厄瓜多尔沿海农村社区家庭单位中的恰加斯病传播媒介。
对三锥虫的调查显示，有家庭周围有 Rhodnius ecuadoriensis 和 Panstrongylus howardi 的侵染，在研究期间（初始、6 个月和 12 个月时分别为 13%、17%和 10%），侵染指数仍居高不下，这表明该策略对三锥虫种群控制的局限性。在喷洒除虫菊酯 6 个月和 12 个月后仍发现有侵染。此外，大量以前无媒介的家庭单位也在 6 个月和 12 个月的调查中被发现受到侵染，这表明存在来自森林媒介的新侵染。大量的幼若虫和成虫的存在表明发生了新的侵染事件，可能来自森林疫源地。此外，在初始、6 个月和 12 个月的调查中，分别有 65%、21%和 29%的个体发现感染了克氏锥虫。所有分离的寄生虫（n=20）均被鉴定为 TcI。
需要制定和评估新的媒介控制策略，以减少该地区 T. cruzi 的传播。
