Michaelsen Kim F, Nielsen Anne-Louise H, Roos Nanna, Friis Henrik, Mølgaard Christian
Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2011;67:99-111. doi: 10.1159/000325578. Epub 2011 Feb 16.
Cow's milk products have a central role in treatment of under nutrition, and the introduction of products with a high milk content (F-100 and ready to use therapeutic foods) has resulted in marked improvements in weight gain and reduction in mortality. Milk also has a specific effect on linear growth. Milk protein has a high quality score (PDCAAS) and contains many peptides and other bioactive factors, which might have special effects on recovery from under nutrition. Milk is an important source of minerals supporting growth (type II nutrients), such as potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and zinc, and the high lactose content also seems to support growth due to a prebiotic effect and improved absorption of minerals. The risk that the use of cow's milk products suppresses breastfeeding should be prevented by supporting mothers in breastfeeding. There is consensus that children with severe under nutrition should be treated with products with high milk content, but because of the high cost of milk there is a need to perform more studies to determine the minimal amount of milk protein needed to make a clinically relevant difference in treating the 36 million children with moderate wasting. Such studies should not only focus on weight gain but also on linear growth, body composition, physical activity and cognitive development.
乳制品在营养不良的治疗中起着核心作用，引入高乳含量产品（F-100和即食治疗性食品）已使体重增加显著改善，死亡率降低。牛奶对线性生长也有特定作用。乳蛋白具有较高的质量得分（蛋白质消化率校正氨基酸计分），并含有许多肽和其他生物活性因子，这可能对营养不良的恢复有特殊作用。牛奶是支持生长的矿物质（II类营养素）的重要来源，如钾、镁、磷和锌，高乳糖含量似乎也因益生元效应和矿物质吸收改善而支持生长。应通过支持母亲进行母乳喂养来预防使用乳制品抑制母乳喂养的风险。人们一致认为，严重营养不良的儿童应用高乳含量产品治疗，但由于牛奶成本高，需要开展更多研究以确定在治疗3600万中度消瘦儿童时产生临床相关差异所需的最低乳蛋白量。此类研究不仅应关注体重增加，还应关注线性生长、身体成分、身体活动和认知发育。
