King's College London, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2011 Feb;39(2):265-75. doi: 10.1007/s10802-010-9451-9.
A previous paper in this journal revealed substantial genetic overlap between the ADHD dimensions of hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness in a sample of 8-year old twins drawn from a UK-representative population sample. Four years later, when the twins were 12 years old, more than 5,500 pairs drawn from the same sample were rated again on the DSM-IV based Revised Conners' Parent Rating Scale to assess symptoms on both ADHD dimensions. Heritabilities were high (around 70%) for both hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness and evidence for etiological sex differences was absent. The critical finding was a genetic correlation of 0.55, indicating that hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness are substantially influenced by the same genes but that the two dimensions also show large and significant unique genetic effects. These results in early adolescence confirm our findings in middle childhood, providing evidence for substantial genetic overlap as well as genetic heterogeneity of the ADHD dimensions. Future genetic studies should investigate the ADHD dimensions separately.
之前在该期刊发表的一篇论文揭示，在一项来自英国代表性人群样本的 8 岁双胞胎研究中，ADHD 的多动冲动和注意力不集中两个维度存在大量的遗传重叠。四年后，当双胞胎 12 岁时，从同一样本中抽取了超过 5500 对双胞胎，再次使用基于 DSM-IV 的修订版康纳斯父母评定量表对他们进行评估，以评估两个 ADHD 维度的症状。多动冲动和注意力不集中的遗传率都很高（约 70%），并且不存在病因学性别差异的证据。关键的发现是遗传相关性为 0.55，表明多动冲动和注意力不集中受到相同基因的很大影响，但这两个维度也表现出较大且显著的独特遗传效应。这些在青少年早期的结果证实了我们在儿童中期的发现，为 ADHD 维度的大量遗传重叠以及遗传异质性提供了证据。未来的遗传研究应分别研究 ADHD 维度。
