McLoughlin Gráinne, Ronald Angelica, Kuntsi Jonna, Asherson Philip, Plomin Robert
MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2007 Dec;35(6):999-1008. doi: 10.1007/s10802-007-9149-9. Epub 2007 Aug 10.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, complex and highly heritable disorder, characterised by inattentive, impulsive and overactive behaviour. Evidence for the heritability of ADHD measures in twin population samples has come from the analysis of total scores that combine inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms subscales. This study investigated, in a community sample, the aetiology of ADHD-like traits and the aetiological overlap between the two dimensions that define the ADHD disorder.
Parents of 6,222 approximately 8-year-old twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) population sample completed the two subscales of the Conners' 18-item DSMIV checklist, a screening instrument for ADHD symptoms.
Both subscales were highly heritable (hyperactive-impulsive: 88%; inattentive: 79%). Bivariate genetic modelling indicated substantial genetic overlap between the two components; however, there were significant independent genetic effects.
These findings suggest that many genes associated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension will also be associated with the inattentive dimension but that there is significant genetic heterogeneity as well. These results provide genetic support for combining the two behavioural dimensions that define ADHD, but also suggest that some symptom-specific genes will also be identified.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种常见、复杂且具有高度遗传性的疾病，其特征为注意力不集中、冲动和多动行为。双生子群体样本中ADHD测量指标遗传性的证据来自对结合了注意力不集中和多动冲动症状分量表的总分的分析。本研究在一个社区样本中调查了ADHD样特质的病因以及定义ADHD疾病的两个维度之间的病因重叠情况。
来自双生子早期发展研究（TEDS）群体样本的6222对约8岁双生子的父母完成了康纳斯18项DSM-IV检查表的两个分量表，这是一种ADHD症状筛查工具。
两个分量表均具有高度遗传性（多动冲动：88%；注意力不集中：79%）。双变量遗传模型表明两个成分之间存在大量遗传重叠；然而，也存在显著的独立遗传效应。
这些发现表明，许多与多动冲动维度相关的基因也将与注意力不集中维度相关，但也存在显著的遗传异质性。这些结果为合并定义ADHD的两个行为维度提供了遗传学支持，但也表明还将识别出一些症状特异性基因。
