Schaefer G Owen, Wertheimer Alan
Faculty of Philosophy, St. Cross College, University of Oxford, UK.
Kennedy Inst Ethics J. 2010 Dec;20(4):329-52.
The right to withdraw from participation in research is recognized in virtually all national and international guidelines for research on human subjects. It is therefore surprising that there has been little justification for that right in the literature. We argue that the right to withdraw should protect research participants from information imbalance, inability to hedge, inherent uncertainty, and untoward bodily invasion, and it serves to bolster public trust in the research enterprise. Although this argument is not radical, it provides a useful way to determine how the right should be applied in various cases.
几乎所有关于人类受试者研究的国家和国际准则都承认退出研究参与的权利。因此，令人惊讶的是，文献中对该权利的正当理由却很少。我们认为，退出权应保护研究参与者免受信息不平衡、无法规避风险、内在不确定性和不良身体侵害的影响，并且它有助于增强公众对研究事业的信任。尽管这一论点并不激进，但它为确定该权利在各种情况下应如何应用提供了一种有用的方法。
