Levin Eran, Dolev Amit, Solt Ido
Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Harefuah. 2010 Aug;149(8):537-41, 549.
Bats (classified in the order Chiroptera) are the most abundant and widely distributed species of mammals in the world. They occupy a variety of ecosystems and are known for their ecological importance as seed dispersers, pollinators and insectivores. The order Chiroptera, containing 33 known species, is the largest mammalian order in Israel Bats are homothermous, can fly for long distances, have long life spans and are very often highly gregarious. These traits make them important reservoir hosts of viruses. Some bat viruses have the potential, or proven capability, of crossing species barriers and becoming zoonotic. Direct infection from bats has not been reported in Israel, and infected bats have not been found. Nonetheless, bats, especially the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) are very common in urban areas. Interaction with wounded or young bats can lead to bites or scratches. In this review the authors describe bats, their ecology and their potential to be vectors for zoonotic viruses.
蝙蝠（归类于翼手目）是世界上数量最多、分布最广的哺乳动物物种。它们占据着各种各样的生态系统，并因其作为种子传播者、传粉者和食虫动物的生态重要性而闻名。翼手目包含33个已知物种，是以色列最大的哺乳动物目。蝙蝠是恒温动物，能长距离飞行，寿命长，且常常高度群居。这些特性使它们成为重要的病毒宿主。一些蝙蝠病毒有跨越物种屏障并成为人畜共患病原的潜在可能或已被证实的能力。以色列尚未报告过直接由蝙蝠感染的情况，也未发现受感染的蝙蝠。尽管如此，蝙蝠，尤其是埃及果蝠（埃及果蝠）在城市地区非常常见。与受伤或幼年蝙蝠的接触可能导致咬伤或抓伤。在这篇综述中，作者描述了蝙蝠、它们的生态以及它们作为人畜共患病毒载体的可能性。
