[Problems and perspectives in the hygienic regulation of biotechnological strains of microorganisms].

The state-of-the-art of hygienic standardization of biotechnological strains of microorganisms is considered. The last century's investigations accumulated abundant experimental data on the estimation of the adverse effect of the strains, formulated main guidelines for evaluating the negative activity of producing strains, and proposed a schematic diagram for toxicological and hygienic investigations of new biotechnological strains. Further studies made it possible to elaborate their human hazard classification, to improve study programs, to substantiate a priority list, and to develop approaches to assessing the occupational microbiological risk.