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Traumatic pneumorrhachis.创伤性脊髓蛛网膜下腔出血
J Trauma. 2005 Apr;58(4):875-9. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000158249.77176.9a.
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Pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and epidural pneumatosis in DKA.糖尿病酮症酸中毒中的纵隔气肿、心包积气和硬膜外气体沉着症。
J Diabetes Complications. 2004 Jul-Aug;18(4):242-7. doi: 10.1016/S1056-8727(03)00059-X.
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Risk of perforation after colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy: a population-based study.结肠镜检查和乙状结肠镜检查后穿孔的风险：一项基于人群的研究。
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Pneumorrhachis, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, and pneumoretroperitoneum after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: report of a case.溃疡性结肠炎行直肠结肠切除术后出现脊髓积气、皮下气肿、纵隔气肿、心包积气及腹膜后积气：1例报告
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Epidural anaesthesia and spinal haematoma.硬膜外麻醉与脊髓血肿。
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Epidural pneumatosis associated with spontaneous pneumomediastinum.与自发性纵隔气肿相关的硬膜外积气
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Gas-containing lumbar disc herniation. A case report and review of the literature.
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颅外硬脑膜外气肿：途径、病因、诊断和治疗。

Extracranial epidural emphysema: pathway, aetiology, diagnosis and management.

机构信息

Department of Radiology, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3851 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78258, USA.

出版信息

Br J Radiol. 2011 Jun;84(1002):570-5. doi: 10.1259/bjr/79263160. Epub 2011 Feb 22.

DOI:10.1259/bjr/79263160
PMID:21343323
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3473625/
Abstract

Extracranial epidural emphysema is an uncommon phenomenon that refers to the presence of gas within the epidural space. As an isolated finding, it is typically benign, but it can be a secondary sign of more ominous disease processes, such as pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum and epidural abscess. Although the phenomenon has been cited in case reports, a comprehensive review of this topic is lacking in the radiology literature. The authors' aim is to report our experience with extracranial epidural emphysema, illustrating the spectrum of its clinical presentation. We also review the aetiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of extracranial epidural emphysema.

摘要

颅外硬膜外积气是一种不常见的现象，是指气体存在于硬膜外腔。作为一种孤立的发现，它通常是良性的，但它也可能是气胸、气腹和硬膜外脓肿等更严重疾病过程的继发征象。尽管这种现象在病例报告中已有记载，但放射学文献中缺乏对此主题的全面综述。作者的目的是报告我们在颅外硬膜外积气方面的经验，说明其临床表现的范围。我们还回顾了颅外硬膜外积气的病因、病理生理学、诊断和治疗。