From the Department of Pharmacy and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California; the Pediatric Pharmacology Research Unit, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California.
Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Mar;117(3):611-617. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ca504.
To estimate the extent of passage of hydrocodone and its active metabolite, hydromorphone, into breast milk.
This is a pharmacokinetic study of 30 postpartum women receiving hydrocodone bitartrate for postpartum pain in the inpatient setting. Mothers donated timed breast milk samples for the analysis of hydrocodone and hydromorphone.
Fully breastfed neonates received 1.6% (range 0.2%-9%) of the maternal weight-adjusted hydrocodone bitartrate dosage. When combined with hydromorphone, the total median opiate dosage from breast milk is 0.7% of a therapeutic dosage for older infants. Most mothers excreted little to no hydromorphone into breast milk.
Standard postpartum dosages of hydrocodone bitartrate appear to be acceptable to use in women nursing newborns. Prolonged use of high dosages is not advisable.
评估氢可酮及其活性代谢产物氢吗啡酮进入母乳的程度。
这是一项在住院环境中接受氢可酮酒石酸盐治疗产后疼痛的 30 名产后妇女的药代动力学研究。母亲捐献定时母乳样本，用于分析氢可酮和氢吗啡酮。
完全母乳喂养的新生儿接受了母亲体重调整后的氢可酮酒石酸盐剂量的 1.6%（范围 0.2%-9%）。与氢吗啡酮结合使用时，母乳中阿片类药物的总中位数剂量是治疗较大婴儿的治疗剂量的 0.7%。大多数母亲的母乳中几乎没有排泄出氢吗啡酮。
标准的产后氢可酮酒石酸盐剂量似乎可用于哺乳新生儿的女性。不建议长期使用高剂量。
