Thatje Sven, Robinson Nathan
School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, University of Southampton, European Way, SO14 3ZH, Southampton, UK.
Naturwissenschaften. 2011 Apr;98(4):299-313. doi: 10.1007/s00114-011-0768-1. Epub 2011 Feb 23.
The bathymetric distribution of marine benthic invertebrates is likely governed by a combination of ecological and physiological factors. The present study investigates oxygen consumption and heartbeat rate in response to attempted feeding at 1, 100 and 150 atm in the shallow-water spider crab, Maja brachydactyla, from temperate European waters. No significant difference was evident between the resting heartbeat rate of specimens at 1 or 100 atm, which were 56 and 65 bpm, respectively (Mann-Whitney, U = 5382.0; n = 95, 98; p = 0.079). However, at 150 atm the resting heartbeat rate was significantly higher than that observed for 100 atm at 108 bpm (Mann-Whitney, U = 49.0; n = 45, 98; p < 0.001). At 150 atm, feeding was never observed and coupled with the elevated resting heartbeat rate; it is suggested by 150 atm continued survival is unfeasible. At 1 and 100 atm, feeding instigated a distinct increase in heartbeat rate, which remained elevated for over 30 h. This increase peaked within 1 h at 1 atm. At 100 atm, this required 4 h and postprandial oxygen consumption was significantly higher than at 1 atm (Kruskal-Wallis, H = 85.036; df = 2; p < 0.001). Elevated hydrostatic pressure is hypothesized to extend the duration and the total metabolic energy devoted to specific dynamic action. The metabolic requirements of feeding under hyperbaric conditions may even reach such a critical demand that feeding is entirely inhibited.
海洋底栖无脊椎动物的深度分布可能受生态和生理因素共同影响。本研究调查了来自欧洲温带水域的浅水蜘蛛蟹（Maja brachydactyla）在1个大气压、100个大气压和150个大气压下尝试进食时的耗氧量和心率。1个大气压和100个大气压下样本的静息心率分别为56次/分钟和65次/分钟，二者无显著差异（曼-惠特尼检验，U = 5382.0；n = 95, 98；p = 0.079）。然而，在150个大气压下，静息心率显著高于100个大气压时的108次/分钟（曼-惠特尼检验，U = 49.0；n = 45, 98；p < 0.001）。在150个大气压下，从未观察到进食情况，且静息心率升高；这表明在150个大气压下持续生存是不可行的。在1个大气压和100个大气压下，进食会引发心率明显增加，且这种增加会持续超过30小时。在1个大气压下，这种增加在1小时内达到峰值。在100个大气压下，这需要4小时，且餐后耗氧量显著高于1个大气压时（克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验，H = 85.036；自由度 = 2；p < 0.001）。据推测，静水压力升高会延长特定动力作用的持续时间和所消耗的总代谢能量。高压条件下进食的代谢需求甚至可能达到如此关键的程度，以至于进食完全受到抑制。
