Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2011 Jun;13(3):203-10. doi: 10.1007/s11920-011-0190-6.
Since the early 20th century, a group of nonaffective psychoses with acute onset and brief duration have been described in different countries under various names, including cycloid psychosis, bouffée délirante, and reactive psychosis. These psychoses share several characteristics, including benign course, greater prevalence in women than men and in developing countries than in industrialized countries, and high prevalence of premorbid psychological and physiologic stressors. However, the variations in names and minute details of symptomatology have overshadowed the basic similarities across these various descriptions. Confusion in classification persists in the two contemporary diagnostic systems, the DSM-IV and the ICD-10. We believe that most cases of these psychoses could be captured under a broad, unified category of nonaffective psychosis with acute onset and brief duration, and urge the authors of the upcoming revisions of the DSM and ICD to create such a category. A unified diagnostic category for these disorders would reduce unnecessary fragmentation in the diagnostic systems and assist in the progress of research on these rare conditions.
自 20 世纪初以来，不同国家以不同名称描述了一组具有急性起病和短暂病程的非情感性精神病，包括循环性精神病、短暂性精神病性障碍和反应性精神病。这些精神病具有一些共同特征，包括良性病程、女性比男性更常见，发展中国家比工业化国家更常见，以及发病前心理和生理应激源的高患病率。然而，名称和症状学细节的差异掩盖了这些不同描述之间的基本相似性。在当代的诊断系统 DSM-IV 和 ICD-10 中，分类上的混淆仍然存在。我们认为，这些精神病的大多数病例可以归入一个广泛的、统一的急性起病和短暂病程的非情感性精神病类别，并敦促即将进行 DSM 和 ICD 修订的作者创建这样一个类别。这些疾病的统一诊断类别将减少诊断系统中不必要的碎片化，并有助于这些罕见疾病的研究进展。
