Mianyang Bureau of Public Health, Mianyang, China.
J Evid Based Med. 2008 Nov;1(1):27-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-5391.2008.00012.x.
The 12 May 2008 earthquake caused damage to 88% of the health systems in the worst hit areas of Mianyang with 326 casualties and the direct economic loss of RMB 3124 billion. Within 30 minutes of the earthquake, the Mianyang headquarters for earthquake disaster relief and the Mianyang public health headquarters for medical rescue and treatment were organized. Five medical teams were sent to Beichuang County, the worst hit Mianyang area, four hours after the earthquake. A total of 22,947 wounded and sick people were delivered to local hospitals after simple triage and rapid treatment through three stations. By 30 June, the Mianyang medical organization had received 379,600 people and admitted 21,628 inpatients. These 2772 severely wounded (including 146 with limbs amputated and 846 who died in hospital). Since 17 May, 3381 wounded had been transferred to 14 provincial and city-level hospitals across China. On 20 June, the Mianyang Rehabilitation Center for wounded and sick people was established and received 156 rehabilitation inpatients. Together with the medical team for psychological intervention, they provided psychological support for over 70,000 people. Within two hours of the earthquake, the Mianyang Organization for Health and Epidemic Control and Prevention launched the emergency response plan for major natural disasters. The organization sent emergency teams for disease prevention and control and completed disinfection and burial of corpses and disposal of carcasses, monitoring of water quality and epidemics, disinfection of environmental ruins, epidemic control in resettled areas, precautions against secondary disasters caused by the earthquake, and large-scale health education. The emergency command system for medical rescue and disease control and prevention in the Mianyang areas integrated resources, carried out unified command, and responded rapidly. Furthermore, the headquarters of medical relief co-ordinated and united the governmental and nongovernmental organizations, achieving good performance for both medical relief and epidemic control. This experience of earthquake medical relief will benefit post-disaster reconstruction, as well as the establishment of national and regional emergency response systems.
2008 年 5 月 12 日的地震使绵阳重灾区 88%的卫生系统遭到破坏，造成 326 人死亡，直接经济损失 3124 亿元人民币。地震发生后 30 分钟内，绵阳地震救灾指挥部和绵阳医疗救治公共卫生指挥部成立。地震发生 4 小时后，5 支医疗队被派往绵阳受灾最严重的北川县。通过三个救治点，对 22947 名伤员和病人进行了简单分诊和快速治疗，将他们送到当地医院。截至 6 月 30 日，绵阳医疗机构共接诊 37.96 万人，收治住院病人 21628 人。其中，2772 名重伤员（包括 146 名截肢伤员和 846 名死亡伤员）。自 5 月 17 日以来，3381 名伤员已转往全国 14 家省市医院。6 月 20 日，绵阳伤病员康复中心成立，接收 156 名康复住院病人。与心理干预医疗队一道，为超过 7 万人提供心理支持。地震发生后两小时内，绵阳卫生和防疫组织启动了重大自然灾害应急响应计划。该组织派出疾病预防和控制应急小组，完成了尸体消毒和掩埋、尸体处理、水质和疫情监测、废墟环境消毒、安置区疫情防控、地震次生灾害防范和大规模卫生教育工作。绵阳地区医疗救援和疾病防控应急指挥系统整合资源，实行统一指挥，快速响应。此外，医疗救援总部协调和团结了政府和非政府组织，在医疗救援和疾病防控方面都取得了良好的成绩。这次地震医疗救援的经验将有益于灾后重建，以及国家和地区应急响应系统的建立。
