[组织变革理论在工作场所戒烟中的应用]

Gao Jianing, Zheng Pinpin, Gao Junling, Fu Hua

School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2010 Nov;39(6):705-8.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of tobacco control program in manufacture workplace with stage theory of organizational change.

METHODS

Community intervention study was carried out among two manufacture plants of a multinational chemical company in Shanghai during 2008 to 2009. Totally 246 employees in control group and 233 in intervention group were involved. The average age was (34.7 +/- 13.2) years old and (31.1 +/- 11.9) years old, respectively. Four stages of the theory of organizational change were implemented in the intervention group. Self-administered questionnaire was employed prior to and after the interventions to collect the data on employees' smoking behaviours such as smoking prevalence, daily cigarette consumption, perception on smoking's health impact, as well as their quitting intention. After six months, urine cotinine test was given to assess the successful cessation.

RESULTS

The current smoking prevalence rate in intervention group was reduced from 59.8% before the study to 39.1% in follow-up (P < 0.01), while their daily cigarette smoked dropped from (15.0 +/- 8.6) cigarettes per day to (11.9 +/- 7.9) cigarettes per day (P < 0.01), while no significant changes in control group. In intervention group, the proportion of willing to accept cessation support from the work mates increased from 3.7% before the intervention to 15.6% afterwards, the perception of smoking having severe health impact increased from 36.5% to 64.4% (P < 0.05); No significant changes were found in control group. The quitting intention was also raised from 11.0% to 41.5% (P < 0.01). The successful cessation rate after six months were 24.6% in intervention group and 6.4% in control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Stage theory of organizational change is feasible to be implemented within tobacco control program in manufacture workplace. Its application has effectiveness to decrease smoking prevalence and daily cigarette consumption with quitting intention raised. Successful cessation result was also indicated.

目的

运用组织变革阶段理论探讨制造业工作场所控烟项目的可行性与有效性。

方法

2008年至2009年期间，在上海一家跨国化工公司的两家制造工厂开展社区干预研究。对照组共246名员工，干预组共233名员工。平均年龄分别为（34.7±13.2）岁和（31.1±11.9）岁。干预组实施组织变革理论的四个阶段。干预前后采用自填式问卷收集员工吸烟行为数据，如吸烟率、每日吸烟量、对吸烟健康影响的认知以及戒烟意愿。六个月后，进行尿可替宁检测以评估成功戒烟情况。

结果

干预组当前吸烟率从研究前的59.8%降至随访时的39.1%（P<0.01），每日吸烟量从（15.0±8.6）支/天降至（11.9±7.9）支/天（P<0.01），而对照组无显著变化。干预组中，愿意接受同事戒烟支持的比例从干预前的3.7%增至干预后的15.6%，认为吸烟对健康有严重影响的认知从36.5%增至64.4%（P<0.05）；对照组无显著变化。戒烟意愿也从11.0%提高到41.5%（P<0.01）。六个月后的成功戒烟率干预组为24.6%，对照组为6.4%（P<0.05）。