Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Early Interv Psychiatry. 2009 May;3(2):99-107. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7893.2009.00115.x.
There are at present no published reports of outpatient Early Psychosis Intervention (EPI) service designed for children aged 16 years and under. The objectives of this study are to describe aspects of an outpatient paediatric EPI programme from the time period after the initial pilot and during its first 4 years of service with dedicated staffing.
This study employed a retrospective chart review model in which variables were operationalized and then extracted from existing patient medical records spanning a 4-year time period. Data were then analysed for frequency, mean and range values.
Demographic characteristics and service profiles for 56 patients were collected. The majority were male (64.3%) and the mean age was 14.8 years (range: 9-17 years). The average number of days from referral to first in-person contact was 7.3 days. The most common discharge diagnosis was Bipolar Disorder (38.7%) followed by Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified (25.8%) in those with psychosis, whereas an anxiety disorder was the most common diagnosis in those who were not psychotic. The majority of discharged patients were able to be followed up by community-based services. Readmission and hospitalization rates for this EPI service were low.
The findings of this study suggest that an EPI model of care extended to a younger age group can be implemented to provide early intervention to youth with a range of psychiatric disorders that present with psychotic symptoms.
目前尚无针对 16 岁及以下儿童的门诊早期精神病干预 (EPI) 服务的报道。本研究的目的是描述一个门诊儿科 EPI 项目的各个方面，该项目从最初的试点阶段开始，在有专门人员配备的情况下运行了 4 年。
本研究采用回顾性图表审查模型，将变量操作化，然后从现有的患者病历中提取数据，时间跨度为 4 年。然后对数据进行频率、平均值和范围值分析。
共收集了 56 名患者的人口统计学特征和服务概况。大多数为男性（64.3%），平均年龄为 14.8 岁（范围：9-17 岁）。从转介到首次面对面接触的平均天数为 7.3 天。最常见的出院诊断是双相情感障碍（38.7%），其次是精神病未特指（25.8%），在有精神病的患者中，而在没有精神病的患者中，最常见的诊断是焦虑障碍。大多数出院患者能够通过社区服务进行随访。该 EPI 服务的再入院和住院率较低。
本研究的结果表明，可以实施一种扩展到更年轻年龄组的 EPI 护理模式，为出现精神病症状的各种精神障碍的青年提供早期干预。
