College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Mar 15;163(1):39-52. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2011.01.006. Epub 2011 Jan 31.
The production of functional activated carbon materials starting from cheap natural precursors using environmentally friendly processes is a highly attractive subject in material chemistry today. Recently, much attention has been focused on the use of plant biomass to produce functional carbonaceous materials, encompassing economic, environmental and social issues. Besides the classical route to produce activated carbons from fossil materials, rice husk shows clear advantages in that it can generate a variety of cheap and sustainable carbonaceous materials with attractive nanostructure and functional patterns for a wide range of applications. From a comprehensive literature review, it was found that porous carbon that derived from rice husks, in addition to having wide availability, has fast kinetics and appreciable adsorption capacities too. Porous carbon materials also play a significant role in new applications such as catalytic supports, battery electrodes, capacitors, and gas storage. In this review, an extensive list of rice husks literature has been compiled. Conclusions have been drawn from the literature reviewed, and suggestions for future research are proposed.
从廉价的天然前体制备功能型活性炭材料，采用环保工艺，这在当今材料化学领域是一个极具吸引力的课题。最近，人们越来越关注利用植物生物质来生产功能性碳质材料，这涵盖了经济、环境和社会等多方面的问题。除了从化石材料生产活性炭的经典途径之外，稻壳在这方面具有明显的优势，因为它可以生成各种具有吸引力的纳米结构和功能模式的廉价且可持续的碳质材料，适用于广泛的应用领域。通过全面的文献综述发现，除了来源广泛之外，由稻壳衍生而来的多孔碳还具有快速的动力学和可观的吸附能力。多孔碳材料在新的应用领域，如催化载体、电池电极、电容器和气体储存等方面也发挥着重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们汇总了大量关于稻壳的文献。从已综述的文献中得出结论，并对未来的研究提出了建议。
