Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, PO Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Res Dev Disabil. 2011 May-Jun;32(3):963-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.02.002. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
In the present study we tested 13 children with cerebral palsy (CP) and 24 typically developing children (7-12 years old) in a unimanual and bimanual motor planning task. We focused on two research questions: (1) How does motor planning develop in children with and without CP? and (2) Is motor planning facilitated when the task is performed with both hands? Participants had to grasp one or two vertical oriented cylinder(s) and transport it/them to a platform that had different heights. As a measure of motor planning, we registered the height at which participants grasped the cylinder. Here, anticipation of grasp height upon the height of the upcoming target(s) is reflective of proper forward motor planning as it leads to a comfortable posture at the end of the task. In the unimanual task the typically developing children showed a significant grasp height effect, which increased with age. In contrast, no grasp height effect, or age related changes therein were found for the children with CP, suggesting a compromised development of motor planning in these children. Interestingly, when children had to transport one cylinder to a high shelf and one cylinder to a low shelf, the more affected hand of the CP children clearly anticipated the grasp height to the upcoming target height. The less affected hand did not show such anticipation. Taken collectively, these findings suggest a delayed or compromised development of motor planning in children with CP compared to typically developing children. At the same time, the facilitated motor planning of the more affected arm in the bimanual task offers a valuable entry point for intervention to improve motor planning in CP.
在本研究中，我们测试了 13 名脑瘫儿童（CP）和 24 名正常发育儿童（7-12 岁）在单手和双手运动规划任务中的表现。我们关注两个研究问题：（1）CP 儿童和正常发育儿童的运动规划如何发展？（2）双手执行任务时，运动规划是否会得到促进？参与者必须抓住一个或两个垂直放置的圆柱体，并将其运送到具有不同高度的平台上。作为运动规划的衡量标准，我们记录了参与者抓住圆柱体的高度。在这里，对即将到来的目标高度的抓握高度的预期反映了适当的向前运动规划，因为它在任务结束时导致舒适的姿势。在单手任务中，正常发育的儿童表现出显著的抓握高度效应，该效应随年龄增长而增加。相比之下，CP 儿童没有发现抓握高度效应或其中的年龄相关变化，这表明这些儿童的运动规划发育受损。有趣的是，当孩子们必须将一个圆柱体运送到高架子上，将另一个圆柱体运送到低架子上时，CP 儿童受影响较大的手明显预期了即将到来的目标高度的抓握高度。受影响较小的手则没有表现出这种预期。总的来说，这些发现表明 CP 儿童的运动规划发展比正常发育儿童延迟或受损。同时，在双手任务中受影响较大的手臂的运动规划促进为改善 CP 中的运动规划提供了有价值的切入点。
