Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
Cardiovasc Pathol. 2012 Jan-Feb;21(1):39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2011.01.003. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
Recent studies demonstrated that atrial fibrillation (AF) induced heterogeneous sympathetic hyperinnervation and baroreflex impartation, but the changes of vagal and afferent nerve are not clear.
Six dogs underwent atrial pacing at 600 beats/min (AF group). All paced dogs developed sustained AF by 5 weeks of pacing. Tissues from six healthy dogs were used as controls. Immunohistochemistry staining of cardiac nerves was performed using anti-growth-associated protein 43 (anti-GAP43), anti-tyrosine hydroxylase, antiacetylcholine (anti-ACh), and anti-substance P (anti-SP) antibodies.
In AF group, the density of GAP43-positive in the right atrium (RA), atrial septum (AS), and left atrium (LA) was 5590.24±1417.51, 8083.22±1271.39, and 10854.56±1877.56 μm(2)/mm(2), respectively, which was significantly (P<.01) higher than the control group. Most of the newly sprouting nerves are sympathetic nerve. Sympathetic nerve density in AF group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<.001). Whereas denervation of parasympathetic and SP-immunoreactive nerve occurred in AF group. In the dogs with AF, the density of ACh-positive nerve in the RA, AS, and LA was 506.04±104.44, 317.72±84.10, and 114.9±29. 62 μm(2)/mm(2), respectively, which was lower than the control group (P<.01). At the same time, the density of SP-positive nerve in the atria of AF dogs was also significantly lower than the control tissues (P<.01).
AF led to significant nerve sprouting and sympathetic hyperinnervation in the canine models, but the newly sprouting nerve did not include parasympathetic and SP-immunoreactive nerve. Heterogeneous parasympathetic and SP-immunoreactive nerve denervation occurred in the AF dogs.
最近的研究表明，心房颤动（AF）可诱导不均一的交感神经过度支配和压力反射传入，但是迷走神经和传入神经的变化尚不清楚。
6 只狗以 600 次/分的频率起搏（AF 组）。所有起搏的狗在起搏 5 周后均发展为持续性 AF。6 只健康狗的组织用作对照。使用抗生长相关蛋白 43（anti-GAP43）、酪氨酸羟化酶、抗乙酰胆碱（anti-ACh）和抗 P 物质（anti-SP）抗体进行心脏神经免疫组织化学染色。
在 AF 组，右心房（RA）、房间隔（AS）和左心房（LA）的 GAP43 阳性密度分别为 5590.24±1417.51、8083.22±1271.39 和 10854.56±1877.56 μm(2)/mm(2)，明显高于对照组（P<.01）。大多数新出现的神经是交感神经。AF 组的交感神经密度明显高于对照组（P<.001）。而副交感神经和 SP-免疫反应性神经在 AF 组发生去神经支配。在 AF 犬中，RA、AS 和 LA 中的 ACh 阳性神经密度分别为 506.04±104.44、317.72±84.10 和 114.9±29.62 μm(2)/mm(2)，明显低于对照组（P<.01）。同时，AF 犬心房中的 SP 阳性神经密度也明显低于对照组组织（P<.01）。
AF 在犬模型中导致明显的神经发芽和交感神经过度支配，但新发芽的神经不包括副交感神经和 SP-免疫反应性神经。AF 犬中发生了不均一的副交感神经和 SP-免疫反应性神经去神经支配。
