Department of Biology, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2011 Apr;14(2):194-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.02.001. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
Proteolysis is a fundamental process used by all forms of life to maintain homeostasis, as well as to remodel the proteome following environmental changes. Here, we explore recent advances in understanding the role of proteolysis during the heat shock response of Escherichia coli. Proteolysis both regulates and contributes directly to and the heat shock response at multiple different levels, from adjusting the levels of the master heat shock response regulator (σ(32)), to eliminating damaged cellular proteins, to altering the activity of chaperones that refold heat-denatured proteins. Recent results illustrate the complexity of the heat shock response and the pervasive role that proteolysis plays in both the cellular response to heat shock and the subsequent limiting of the response, as cells return to a more 'normal' physiological state.
蛋白水解是所有生命形式用来维持体内平衡的基本过程，也是在环境变化后重塑蛋白质组的方式。在这里，我们探讨了近年来在理解大肠杆菌热休克反应中蛋白水解作用的研究进展。蛋白水解在多个不同水平上既调节又直接参与和贡献于热休克反应，从调节主热休克反应调节因子（σ(32)）的水平，到消除受损的细胞蛋白，再到改变重折叠热变性蛋白的伴侣的活性。最近的结果说明了热休克反应的复杂性，以及蛋白水解在细胞对热休克的反应以及随后限制反应中所起的普遍作用，因为细胞恢复到更“正常”的生理状态。
