Ingraham L J, Bridge T P, Janssen R, Stover E, Mirsky A F
Laboratory of Psychology and Psychopathology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1990 Spring;2(2):174-82. doi: 10.1176/jnp.2.2.174.
Studies of neuropsychological performance early in the course of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1, infection are reviewed. The studies differed on reporting the presence and severity of neuropsychological changes, and comparisons among studies are hampered by variations in the study populations, sample sizes, assessment methods, approaches to data analysis, and definitions of thresholds for abnormality. Recommendations that would facilitate comparisons among future studies include using markers for disease state, applying longitudinal designs, using common instruments for assessing neuropsychological status, selecting appropriate controls, controlling for co-factors, reporting raw scores as well as presumed indices of impairment, and relating impairment on neuropsychological tests to affected individuals' daily activities, if possible.
本文综述了人类免疫缺陷病毒1型感染病程早期神经心理学表现的研究。这些研究在报告神经心理学变化的存在和严重程度方面存在差异，而且由于研究人群、样本量、评估方法、数据分析方法以及异常阈值定义的不同，各项研究之间的比较受到了阻碍。有助于未来研究之间进行比较的建议包括：使用疾病状态标志物、采用纵向设计、使用评估神经心理状态的通用工具、选择合适的对照、控制共因素、报告原始分数以及假定的损伤指数，并在可能的情况下将神经心理测试中的损伤与受影响个体的日常活动联系起来。
