Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2011 Feb;124(3):323-9.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents was increasing during the past few decades. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of after-school exercise with or without diet restriction on total and central obesity, fitness level, and metabolic profile in overweight Chinese adolescents.
A ten-week weight loss trial was performed using a 2 × 2 block design (exercise × diet). Ninety-three overweight adolescents (average age: (13.6 ± 0.7) years; body mass index (BMI): 22.4 - 34.1 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to four groups: 1) diet (D); 2) exercise (EX); 3) diet plus exercise (DEX); and 4) overweight control (C). Caloric intake recipes were enacted based on individual age and corresponding ideal body weight. One-hour after-school exercise was performed once per day, four days per week for ten weeks. Changes of anthropometry, body composition, aerobic fitness, and metabolic biomarkers were determined.
Groups D, EX and DEX had a significant decrease in BMI (P < 0.01) after the intervention. The percentage of body and truncal fat, and waist circumference were independently reduced by exercise (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), but not diet. The decrease in body fat percentage was positively related with the exercise compliance (r = 0.34, P = 0.01). Exercise decreased truncal fat percentage and waist circumference, suggesting a reduction of central adiposity, but did not significantly affect body weight and BMI. Exercise significantly reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.037), which was positively correlated with decreases of truncal fat percentage (r = 0.222, P = 0.048). No significant effects of interventions on insulin sensitivity, early insulin release index, and aerobic fitness were observed.
At least twice a week of one-hour after-school exercise significantly attenuated central adiposity and had a significant impact on lipid profiles in overweight Chinese adolescents.
在过去几十年中，中国儿童和青少年超重和肥胖的患病率一直在增加。本研究的目的是调查课外锻炼加或不加饮食限制对超重中国青少年整体和中心肥胖、健康水平和代谢特征的影响。
采用 2×2 块设计（运动×饮食）进行为期十周的减肥试验。将 93 名超重青少年（平均年龄：（13.6±0.7）岁；体重指数（BMI）：22.4-34.1kg/m²）随机分为四组：1）饮食（D）；2）运动（EX）；3）饮食加运动（DEX）；4）超重对照组（C）。根据个体年龄和相应的理想体重制定热量摄入食谱。每天课后进行一次一小时的运动，每周四天，共十周。测定身体成分、体脂分布、有氧健康水平和代谢生物标志物的变化。
干预后，D、EX 和 DEX 组 BMI 显著下降（P<0.01）。身体和躯干脂肪百分比以及腰围独立于饮食而减少（P<0.05 和 P<0.01）。身体脂肪百分比的减少与运动依从性呈正相关（r=0.34，P=0.01）。运动降低了躯干脂肪百分比和腰围，提示中心性肥胖减少，但对体重和 BMI 没有显著影响。运动显著降低血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（P=0.037），与躯干脂肪百分比降低呈正相关（r=0.222，P=0.048）。干预对胰岛素敏感性、早期胰岛素释放指数和有氧健康水平没有显著影响。
每周至少两次、每次一小时的课外运动显著减轻了中心性肥胖，并对超重中国青少年的血脂谱有显著影响。
