为期12周的北欧式健走运动与改良饮食干预对超重及肥胖前煤矿工人人体测量参数和血脂谱的影响。
Effect of 12-Week Interventions Involving Nordic Walking Exercise and a Modified Diet on the Anthropometric Parameters and Blood Lipid Profiles in Overweight and Obese Ex-Coal Miners.
作者信息
Sadowska-Krępa Ewa, Gdańska Agnieszka, Rozpara Michał, Pilch Wanda, Přidalová Miroslava, Bańkowski Sebastian
机构信息
Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland,
Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland.
出版信息
Obes Facts. 2020;13(2):201-212. doi: 10.1159/000506403. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
BACKGROUND
Overweight and obesity after retirement are likely to be caused by unhealthy eating habits and the energy intake exceeding the energy expenditure.
OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to assess the effects of two 12-week interventions involving, respectively, either regular physical activity or a modified lower-calorie diet on the anthropometric parameters and blood lipid profiles in overweight and obese retired miners with lipid disorders.
DESIGN
The study participants (n = 30, aged 58.7 ± 4.1 years, body height 174.8 ± 7.3 cm, body weight 96.6 ± 13.9 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 intervention groups: the Nordic walking group (NW), which exercised with intensity from 60 to 70% of participants' maximal heart rates for 1 h 3 times a week, and the modified diet group (MD). Modification of the diet consisted of reducing the daily energy intake by 30%, increasing the dietary content of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber, and reducing the proportion of saturated fatty acids. The variables assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks were: anthropometric parameters (body weight, fat mass content [FM], fat percentage [BF], BMI, waist circumference [WC], hip circumference [HC], and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) and blood lipid indicators (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and high density lip-oprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]).
RESULTS
The body weight of the participants in the NW was lower at week 12 by an average of 5 kg, BMI by 6%, FB by 19%, FM by 15%, WC by 8%, HC by 6%, and WHR by 3%. In the MD, the respective decreases were 8 kg and 8, 25, 20, 6, 2, and 7%. In the MD, the postintervention concentrations of TC and TG were within the reference range.
CONCLUSION
Both 12-week interventions improved the anthropometric parameters and blood lipid profiles of retired heavy manual workers, with the improvements being more pronounced in the dieting group.
背景
退休后超重和肥胖可能是由不健康的饮食习惯以及能量摄入超过能量消耗所致。
目的
本研究旨在评估两项为期12周的干预措施分别对患有脂质紊乱的超重和肥胖退休矿工的人体测量参数和血脂谱的影响，这两项干预措施分别为规律的体育活动或改良的低热量饮食。
设计
研究参与者（n = 30，年龄58.7±4.1岁，身高174.8±7.3厘米，体重96.6±13.9千克）被随机分为2个干预组：北欧健走组（NW），每周3次、每次1小时，以参与者最大心率的60%至70%的强度进行锻炼；改良饮食组（MD）。饮食改良包括将每日能量摄入减少30%，增加单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸以及膳食纤维的饮食含量，并减少饱和脂肪酸的比例。在基线以及6周和12周后评估的变量包括：人体测量参数（体重、脂肪量含量[FM]、脂肪百分比[BF]、体重指数[BMI]、腰围[WC]、臀围[HC]和腰臀比[WHR]）以及血脂指标（总胆固醇[TC]、甘油三酯[TG]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[LDL-C]和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[HDL-C]）。
结果
NW组参与者的体重在第12周时平均降低了5千克，BMI降低了6%，BF降低了19%，FM降低了15%，WC降低了8%，HC降低了6%，WHR降低了3%。在MD组中，相应的降低幅度分别为8千克以及8%、25%、20%、6%、2%和7%。在MD组中，干预后TC和TG的浓度在参考范围内。
结论
两项为期12周的干预措施均改善了退休重体力劳动者的人体测量参数和血脂谱，饮食组的改善更为显著。
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