Centre for the Study of Social and Environmental Determinants of Nutrition, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nutrition. 2011 Sep;27(9):904-11. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2010.10.007. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
To evaluate the anthropometric status of children of obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) mothers who participated during the 2005 National Food Consumption Study.
The survey population consisted of children 1-9 y of age and their mothers 16 to 35 y of age living in the same households (n = 1532). A national sample of households was drawn, representative of all nine provinces and urban and rural areas. Trained fieldworkers measured the heights and weights of participants at their homes.
The prevalence of obesity was high in the mothers (27.9%), particularly in the 26- to 35-y-old (older) group (32.3%) and in urban areas (29.1%). Children of older mothers had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean height-for-age Z-score (-0.91) than those of younger mothers (16 to 25 y old, -1.06). Mean weight-for-age and weight-for-height Z-scores were significantly higher in children of obese women compared with those of non-obese women (BMI <30 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Furthermore, obese mothers had significantly more overweight children than non-obese mothers (P < 0.0001). Eighty-four percent of overweight children also had mothers with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and 52% had mothers with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2(∗ indicates statistical significance of confidence interval). Stunted mothers had a 1.5 times higher risk of being overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2, odds ratio 1.45, confidence interval 1.06-2.01).
Overall, children of obese mothers had significantly higher mean Z-scores than those of mothers who were non-obese. Overweight and obese women were significantly less likely to have stunted or underweight children, whereas underweight women and stunted women were significantly more likely to have underweight and stunted children, respectively.
评估参加 2005 年全国食物消费研究的肥胖（体重指数[BMI]≥30kg/m2）母亲的儿童的人体测量学状况。
调查人群由 1 至 9 岁的儿童及其 16 至 35 岁居住在同一家庭的母亲组成（n=1532）。从全国各省份和城乡地区抽取了一个有代表性的家庭样本。经过培训的现场工作人员在家中测量了参与者的身高和体重。
母亲肥胖率高（27.9%），尤其是 26 至 35 岁（年龄较大）组（32.3%）和城市地区（29.1%）。与年轻母亲（16 至 25 岁）相比，年龄较大母亲的儿童身高年龄 Z 评分明显（P<0.05）较高（-0.91）。与非肥胖母亲（BMI<30kg/m2）相比，肥胖女性的儿童体重年龄和体重身高 Z 评分明显更高（P<0.001）。此外，肥胖母亲的超重儿童明显多于非肥胖母亲（P<0.0001）。超重儿童中有 84%的母亲 BMI≥25kg/m2，有 52%的母亲 BMI≥30kg/m2（∗表示置信区间有统计学意义）。矮小母亲超重的风险高 1.5 倍（BMI≥25kg/m2，比值比 1.45，95%置信区间 1.06-2.01）。
总体而言，肥胖母亲的儿童的平均 Z 评分明显高于非肥胖母亲的儿童。超重和肥胖女性的儿童明显不太可能出现矮小或体重不足，而体重不足和矮小的女性的儿童明显更有可能出现体重不足和矮小。
