氰化物中毒作为吸入性烟雾的一部分——从急救角度综述诊断和治疗。
Cyanide intoxication as part of smoke inhalation--a review on diagnosis and treatment from the emergency perspective.
机构信息
Laboratory of Hyperbaric Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Center of Head and Orthopaedics, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2011 Mar 3;19:14. doi: 10.1186/1757-7241-19-14.
Abstract
This paper reviews the current literature on smoke inhalation injuries with special attention to the effects of hydrogen cyanide. It is assumed that cyanide poisoning is still an overlooked diagnosis in fire victims. Treatment against cyanide poisoning in the emergency setting should be given based on the clinical diagnosis only. Oxygen in combination with a recommended antidote should be given immediately, the first to reduce cellular hypoxia and the second to eliminate cyanide. A specific antidote is hydroxycobalamin, which can be given iv. and has few side effects.
摘要
本文回顾了有关吸入性烟雾损伤的现有文献，特别关注了氰化氢的影响。据推测，氰化物中毒在火灾受害者中仍然是一个被忽视的诊断。在紧急情况下，针对氰化物中毒的治疗应仅根据临床诊断进行。应立即给予吸氧和推荐的解毒剂，以首先减少细胞缺氧，其次消除氰化物。一种特殊的解毒剂是羟钴胺，可以静脉注射，副作用较少。
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