Centro de Astrobiología CSIC-INTA, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
J Theor Biol. 2011 Jun 7;278(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.02.020. Epub 2011 Mar 1.
We revisit the issue of the emergence of fair behavior in the framework of the spatial Ultimatum game, adding many important results and insights to the pioneering work by Page et al. [2000. The spatial Ultimatum game. Proc. R. Soc. London B 267, 2177], who showed in a specific example that on a two-dimensional setup evolution may lead to strategies with some degree of fairness. Within this spatial framework, we carry out a thorough simulation study and show that the emergence of altruism is a very generic phenomenon whose details depend on the dynamics considered. A very frequent feature is the spontaneous emergence and fixation of quasiempathetic individuals, whose offers are very close to their acceptance thresholds. We present analytical arguments that allow an understanding of our results and give insights on the manner in which local effects in evolution may lead to such non-rational or apparently maladaptive behaviors.
我们在空间最后通牒博弈的框架内重新探讨了公平行为的出现问题，为 Page 等人的开创性工作[2000. 空间最后通牒博弈. Proc. R. Soc. London B 267, 2177]增添了许多重要的结果和见解，他们在一个特定的例子中表明，在二维设置中，进化可能导致具有一定公平程度的策略。在这个空间框架内，我们进行了彻底的模拟研究，表明利他主义的出现是一种非常普遍的现象，其细节取决于所考虑的动态。一个非常常见的特征是准同情个体的自发出现和固定，它们的出价非常接近它们的接受阈值。我们提出了一些分析论点，这些论点可以帮助我们理解我们的结果，并深入了解进化中的局部效应如何导致这种非理性或明显适应不良的行为。
