Suzuki Reiji, Okamoto Tomoko, Arita Takaya
Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Department of Forest Entomology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
PLoS One. 2015 Jan 27;10(1):e0116901. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116901. eCollection 2015.
While spatially local interactions are ubiquitous between coevolving species sharing recourses (e.g., plant-insect interactions), their effects on such coevolution processes of strategies involving the share of a resource are still not clearly understood. We construct a two-dimensional spatial model of the coevolution of the proposer and responder species in the ultimatum game (UG), in which a pair of proposer and responder individuals at each site plays the UG. We investigate the effects of the locality of interactions and the intensity of selection on the emergence of fairness between these species. We show that the lower intensity of selection favors fair strategies in general, and there are no significant differences in the evolution of fairness between the cases with local and global interactions when the intensity of selection is low. However, as the intensity of selection becomes higher, the spatially local interactions contribute to the evolution of fairer strategies more than the global interactions, even though fair strategies become more difficult to evolve. This positive effect of spatial interactions is expected to be due to the mutual benefit of fairness for both proposer and responder species in future generations, which brings about a dynamic evolution process of fairness.
虽然在共享资源的共同进化物种之间，空间局部相互作用无处不在（例如植物 - 昆虫相互作用），但它们对涉及资源共享的此类策略共同进化过程的影响仍未得到清晰理解。我们构建了一个最后通牒博弈（UG）中提议者和响应者物种共同进化的二维空间模型，其中每个位点的一对提议者和响应者个体进行最后通牒博弈。我们研究相互作用的局部性和选择强度对这些物种之间公平性出现的影响。我们表明，一般来说较低的选择强度有利于公平策略，并且当选择强度较低时，局部相互作用和全局相互作用情况下公平性的进化没有显著差异。然而，随着选择强度变得更高，空间局部相互作用比全局相互作用更有助于更公平策略的进化，尽管公平策略变得更难进化。空间相互作用的这种积极影响预计是由于公平性对后代提议者和响应者物种双方都有互利，这带来了公平性的动态进化过程。
