Makino Toshiaki
Department of Pharmaognosy, Graduate School of Nagoya City University.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2011 Mar;131(3):375-82. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.131.375.
In Japanese hospitals or pharmacies, crude drugs and natural products are used as the components of kampo medicine and dietary supplements. Clinical pharmacy can provide information such as the efficacy, adverse action, or interactions of crude drugs or natural products as well as chemical drugs. However, it is very difficult for a clinical pharmacist without a knowledge of pharmacognosy to offer full information, because crude drugs and natural products have very different pharmaceutical characteristics from chemical drugs containing a single compound. Drug information provided by such a pharmacist is sometimes ridiculous and may be misleading by suggesting the unusefulness of crude drugs. Therefore, in order to use crude drugs and kampo medicine effectively and safely, it is necessary to integrate the clinical pharmacy and pharmacognosy as "clinical pharmacognosy". Clinical pharmacognosy would also be capable of handling kampo medicine, a Japanese traditional medicine. Since basic pharmacognosy is a modern pharmaceutical science, pharmacognosists are limited in their understanding of a kampo formula and its clinical usefulness solely with a knowledge of that field. I suggest here that clinical pharmacognosy would better adopt the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine that includes a theory of traditional pharmacology of the crude drugs used in kampo medicine.
在日本的医院或药房中，生药和天然产物被用作汉方医学和膳食补充剂的成分。临床药学可以提供有关生药或天然产物以及化学药物的功效、不良反应或相互作用等信息。然而，对于没有生药学知识的临床药师来说，要提供全面的信息是非常困难的，因为生药和天然产物与含有单一化合物的化学药物具有非常不同的药学特性。这样的药师提供的药物信息有时很荒谬，可能会因暗示生药无用而产生误导。因此，为了有效且安全地使用生药和汉方医学，有必要将临床药学和生药学整合为“临床生药学”。临床生药学也将能够处理日本传统医学——汉方医学。由于基础生药学是一门现代药学科学，仅凭借该领域的知识，生药学家对汉方配方及其临床效用的理解有限。在此我建议，临床生药学最好采用包括汉方医学中所用生药传统药理学理论在内的中医知识。
