Pelvic Surgery Department, Hospital A C Camargo, Rua Prof Antonio Prudente 211, Liberdade, São Paulo, Brazil.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2011 Jun;13(3):231-9. doi: 10.1007/s11912-011-0163-2.
Penile cancer is an aggressive disease, with major psychological and social impact. The etiological factors are poor genital hygiene, the presence of phimosis, viral infection, ultraviolet radiation, smoking, balanitis xerotic obliterans, and chronic lichen. Identifying prognostic factors is important to select patients at risk for lymph node metastasis and avoid unneeded lymphadenectomy. The presence of lymph node metastasis is currently the strongest prognostic factor but its evaluation is imperfect using clinical and laboratorial methods. The treatment for invasive penile cancer is based on the treatment of primary tumor, usually with amputation and regional lymphadenectomy, treatments that have a high morbidity rate.
阴茎癌是一种侵袭性疾病，对患者的心理和社会生活有重大影响。其病因包括不良的生殖器卫生条件、包茎、病毒感染、紫外线辐射、吸烟、干燥性闭塞性龟头炎和慢性扁平苔藓。识别预后因素对于选择有淋巴结转移风险的患者并避免不必要的淋巴结切除术很重要。目前，淋巴结转移的存在是最强的预后因素，但临床和实验室方法对其评估并不完善。浸润性阴茎癌的治疗基于对原发性肿瘤的治疗，通常采用截肢和区域淋巴结清扫术，这些治疗方法的发病率很高。
