Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, United States.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2011 Apr;21(2):339-44. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
Neuromodulators have complex effects on both the presynaptic release and postsynaptic detection of neurotransmitters. Here we describe recent advances in our understanding of synaptic modulation by metabotropic GABAB receptors. By inhibiting multivesicular release from the presynaptic terminal, these receptors decrease the synaptic glutamate signal. GABAB receptors also inhibit the Ca2+ permeability of NMDA receptors to decrease Ca2+ signals in postsynaptic spines. These new findings highlight the importance of GABAB receptors in regulating many aspects of synaptic transmission. They also point to novel questions about the spatiotemporal dynamics and sources of synaptic modulation in the brain.
神经调质对神经递质的突触前释放和突触后检测都有复杂的影响。在这里，我们描述了我们对代谢型 GABAB 受体调节突触的理解的最新进展。这些受体通过抑制从突触前末梢的多泡释放，减少突触谷氨酸信号。GABAB 受体还抑制 NMDA 受体的 Ca2+通透性，从而减少突触后棘突中的 Ca2+信号。这些新发现强调了 GABAB 受体在调节突触传递的许多方面的重要性。它们还提出了关于大脑中突触调制的时空动态和来源的新问题。
