Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Aug;26(8):1740-7. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.381.
Published prospective pediatric exercise intervention studies are short term and use skeletal traits as surrogate endpoints for fractures, whereas other reports infer exercise to be associated with more trauma and fractures. This prospective, controlled exercise intervention study therefore followed both skeletal traits and fracture risk for 36 months. Fractures were registered in children aged 7 to 9 years; there were 446 boys and 362 girls in the intervention group (2129 person-years) and 807 boys and 780 girls in the control group (4430 person-years). The intervention included school physical education of 40 minutes per day for 3 years. The control children achieved the Swedish standard of 60 minutes per week. In a subsample of 76 boys and 48 girls in the intervention group and 55 boys and 44 girls in the control group, bone mineral content (BMC, g) and bone width (cm) were followed in the lumbar spine and hip by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The rate ratio (RR) for fractures was 1.08 (0.71, 1.62) [mean (95% confidence interval)]. In the DXA-measured children, there were no group differences at baseline in age, anthropometrics, or bone traits. The mean annual gain in the intervention group in lumbar spine BMC was 0.9 SD higher in girls and 0.8 SD higher in boys (both p < .001) and in third lumbar vertebra width 0.4 SD higher in girls and 0.3 SD higher in boys (both p < .05) than in control children. It is concluded that a moderately intense 3-year exercise program in 7- to 9-year-old children increases bone mass and possibly also bone size without increasing fracture risk.
发表的前瞻性儿科运动干预研究通常是短期的，并且使用骨骼特征作为骨折的替代终点，而其他报告则推断运动与更多创伤和骨折有关。因此，这项前瞻性、对照运动干预研究对 36 个月的骨骼特征和骨折风险进行了随访。骨折发生在 7 至 9 岁的儿童中；干预组有 446 名男孩和 362 名女孩（2129 人年），对照组有 807 名男孩和 780 名女孩（4430 人年）。干预措施包括每天进行 40 分钟的学校体育教育，为期 3 年。对照组的儿童达到了每周 60 分钟的瑞典标准。在干预组的 76 名男孩和 48 名女孩以及对照组的 55 名男孩和 44 名女孩的子样本中，通过双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）对腰椎和髋部的骨矿物质含量（BMC，g）和骨宽度（cm）进行了随访。骨折的比率比（RR）为 1.08（0.71，1.62）[平均值（95%置信区间）]。在 DXA 测量的儿童中，基线时年龄、人体测量学和骨骼特征在组间没有差异。干预组女孩腰椎 BMC 的年平均增长率比对照组高 0.9 个标准差，男孩高 0.8 个标准差（均<0.001），第三腰椎宽度女孩高 0.4 个标准差，男孩高 0.3 个标准差（均<0.05）比对照组儿童高。研究结论认为，在 7 至 9 岁儿童中进行为期 3 年的中等强度运动方案可增加骨量，并且可能还会增加骨量，而不会增加骨折风险。
