Kato Takeru, Niwa Masato, Yamashita Takenori, Matumoto Minoru, Umemura Yoshihisa
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Kishioka, 1001-1, Suzuka, 510-0293, Japan,
J Bone Miner Metab. 2015 Sep;33(5):569-76. doi: 10.1007/s00774-014-0620-8. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
We aimed to determine the effect of past sporting activity on bone mineral content (BMC), areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in the lumbar spine and proximal femur, and bone geometry of the mid femur in young men and women. We assessed 142 subjects, comprising 79 young men (21.2 ± 0.8 years) and 63 premenopausal young women (21.4 ± 0.6 years). The subjects were classified into three groups, two on the basis of the age of starting to participate in sport [elementary school starters (6-12 years), junior high school to university starters (13-22 years)], and the third group had no participation in sport. We measured BMC and aBMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the lumbar spine and proximal femur, and bone geometric characteristics of the mid femur by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and calculated the osteogenic index (OI) of previous sporting activity. The OI correlated significantly with many MRI-determined measures of bone geometry; DXA-measured BMC and aBMD were effective indicators of previous sporting activity in both sexes. The female elementary school starters had significantly greater femoral mid-diaphyseal perimeters (vs the no-sport group), bone cross-sectional area (vs the 13-22-year-old starters and the no-sport group), and maximum and minimum second moment of area at the mid-diaphysis point of the femur (vs the no-sport group). The OI is a proven practicable and useful index. DXA- and MRI-determined geometric characteristics showed that high-impact, weight-bearing exercise before and in early puberty induces greater total proximal femur BMC and enhances femoral mid-diaphyseal size and shape, and that these benefits persisted in young adult women.
我们旨在确定既往体育活动对青年男性和女性骨矿物质含量（BMC）、腰椎和股骨近端的面积骨密度（aBMD）以及股骨中段骨几何形态的影响。我们评估了142名受试者，其中包括79名青年男性（21.2±0.8岁）和63名绝经前青年女性（21.4±0.6岁）。受试者被分为三组，两组基于开始参加运动的年龄[小学开始运动者（6 - 12岁）、初中到大学开始运动者（13 - 22岁）]，第三组为未参加运动者。我们通过双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量腰椎和股骨近端的BMC和aBMD，通过磁共振成像（MRI）测量股骨中段的骨几何特征，并计算既往体育活动的成骨指数（OI）。OI与许多MRI测定的骨几何测量指标显著相关；DXA测量的BMC和aBMD是男女既往体育活动的有效指标。小学开始运动的女性股骨中段骨干周长显著更大（与不运动组相比）、骨横截面积更大（与13 - 22岁开始运动者和不运动组相比），以及股骨中段骨干中点的最大和最小面积惯性矩更大（与不运动组相比）。OI是一个经证实可行且有用的指标。DXA和MRI测定的几何特征表明，青春期前及青春期早期的高冲击、负重运动可诱导股骨近端总BMC增加，并增强股骨中段骨干的大小和形状，且这些益处持续存在于年轻成年女性中。
