Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2011 Mar 7;194(5):232-5. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb02951.x.
To examine age and sex differences in the leading causes of prevalent disability in young Australians.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We analysed data from the 2003 Australian Burden of Disease and Injury Study, which estimated the prevalent disability burden attributable to 170 diseases and injuries, for younger adolescents (10-14 years), older adolescents (15-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years).
The broad categories of disease and injury that are the main contributors to prevalent disability and the 10 leading disease and injury causes of prevalent disability, according to sex and age group.
Total prevalent disability rates are lowest in younger adolescents and highest in young adults. Mental disorders are the largest "contributor" to disability in young Australians, and anxiety and depressive disorders are the leading single cause. In young males, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cause similar levels of disability as do anxiety and depression. In young females, eating disorders are the second leading cause of mental disorder disability. Alcohol use disorders and schizophrenia make important contributions to disability in young adult males. Asthma is the most prominent cause of physical disability in all three age groups.
There are substantial changes in both the pattern and level of disability burden across the three age groups that we studied. The increase in total prevalent disability that occurs from early adolescence to young adulthood should focus attention on the delivery of accessible and youth friendly health care as well as the effectiveness of transitions from child health services to adult health services.
研究澳大利亚年轻人中常见残疾的主要原因在年龄和性别上的差异。
设计、地点和参与者：我们分析了 2003 年澳大利亚疾病和伤害负担研究的数据，该研究估计了 170 种疾病和伤害导致的年轻青少年（10-14 岁）、大龄青少年（15-19 岁）和年轻成年人（20-24 岁）的常见残疾负担。
根据性别和年龄组，导致常见残疾的主要疾病和伤害的广泛类别，以及 10 种主要的疾病和伤害导致常见残疾的原因。
总常见残疾率在年轻青少年中最低，在年轻成年人中最高。精神障碍是澳大利亚年轻人残疾的最大“原因”，焦虑和抑郁障碍是主要的单一原因。在年轻男性中，自闭症和注意缺陷多动障碍导致的残疾程度与焦虑和抑郁相当。在年轻女性中，饮食失调是精神障碍残疾的第二大原因。酒精使用障碍和精神分裂症在年轻成年男性的残疾中也有重要贡献。在所有三个年龄组中，哮喘都是身体残疾的最主要原因。
我们研究的三个年龄组在残疾负担的模式和水平上都有很大的变化。从青春期早期到成年早期总常见残疾的增加，应该关注提供可及性和适合年轻人的医疗保健，以及从儿童健康服务向成人健康服务过渡的有效性。
