United Osteoporosis Centers, 2350 Limestone Parkway NE, Gainesville, GA 30501, USA.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Apr;12(5):807-15. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.562201. Epub 2011 Mar 9.
Osteoporosis (OP) is associated with a high risk of fracture and disability and with substantial medical costs. This paper is a review of the intravenous (i.v.) bisphosphonate zoledronic acid 5 mg (ZOL), used in the treatment and prevention of OP.
This is a review of the scientific literature, between 2003 and 2010, on the use of ZOL in patients with low bone mass or OP.
ZOL, given as a single infusion once yearly, has proven efficacy in reducing risk of vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal women with OP. In men and women with a recent hip fracture, ZOL has been shown to reduce the incidence of future clinical fractures. Data also demonstrate an increase in bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteopenia, in men with OP, and in patients at risk for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The ZOL clinical program has shown this agent to be safe and generally well tolerated. Acute flu-like symptoms may occur following the first infusion of ZOL, but these are generally mild and transient, and decrease in frequency with subsequent infusions. Patients must have adequate renal function (creatinine clearance ≥ 35 ml/min) and be adequately hydrated prior to infusion. With orally administered bisphosphonates, patient compliance and persistence with weekly or monthly dosing are frequently suboptimal. The ability to administer i.v. ZOL once yearly over 15 min for the treatment of OP provides the advantage of guaranteeing medication compliance for the duration of the dosing interval.
骨质疏松症（OP）与骨折和残疾风险增加以及大量医疗费用相关。本文综述了静脉（i.v.）双膦酸盐唑来膦酸 5 毫克（ZOL）在 OP 的治疗和预防中的应用。
这是对 2003 年至 2010 年期间 ZOL 用于低骨量或 OP 患者的科学文献的综述。
ZOL 每年静脉输注一次，已被证明可有效降低绝经后骨质疏松症妇女的椎体和髋部骨折风险。对于近期髋部骨折的男性和女性，ZOL 可降低未来临床骨折的发生率。数据还表明，ZOL 可增加骨量减少的绝经后妇女、OP 男性和糖皮质激素诱导性骨质疏松症风险患者的骨密度。ZOL 临床项目表明该药物安全且通常具有良好的耐受性。首次输注 ZOL 后可能会出现类似流感的急性症状，但这些症状通常较轻且短暂，并随随后的输注而减少。患者在输注前必须具有足够的肾功能（肌酐清除率≥35ml/min）和充足的水分。对于口服双膦酸盐，患者对每周或每月剂量的依从性和持久性常常不理想。静脉内 ZOL 每年输注一次，持续 15 分钟，用于治疗 OP，具有保证整个给药间隔内药物依从性的优势。
