咖啡、酒精、吸烟、体力活动与 QT 间期：来自第三次全国健康与营养调查的结果。
Coffee, alcohol, smoking, physical activity and QT interval duration: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2011 Feb 28;6(2):e17584. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017584.
BACKGROUND
Abnormalities in the electrocardiographic QT interval duration have been associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. However, there is substantial uncertainty about the effect of modifiable factors such as coffee intake, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity on QT interval duration.
METHODS
We studied 7795 men and women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). Baseline QT interval was measured from the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. Coffee and tea intake, alcohol consumption, leisure-time physical activities over the past month, and lifetime smoking habits were determined using validated questionnaires during the home interview.
RESULTS
In the fully adjusted model, the average differences in QT interval comparing participants drinking ≥6 cups/day to those who did not drink any were -1.2 ms (95% CI -4.4 to 2.0) for coffee, and -2.0 ms (-11.2 to 7.3) for tea, respectively. The average differences in QT interval duration comparing current to never smokers was 1.2 ms (-0.6 to 2.9) while the average difference in QT interval duration comparing participants drinking ≥7 drinks/week to non-drinkers was 1.8 ms (-0.5 to 4.0). The age, race/ethnicity, and RR-interval adjusted differences in average QT interval duration comparing men with binge drinking episodes to non-drinkers or drinkers without binge drinking were 2.8 ms (0.4 to 5.3) and 4.0 ms (1.6 to 6.4), respectively. The corresponding differences in women were 1.1 (-2.9 to 5.2) and 1.7 ms (-2.3 to 5.7). Finally, the average differences in QT interval comparing the highest vs. the lowest categories of total physical activity was -0.8 ms (-3.0 to 1.4).
CONCLUSION
Binge drinking was associated with longer QT interval in men but not in women. QT interval duration was not associated with other modifiable factors including coffee and tea intake, smoking, and physical activity.
背景
心电图 QT 间期持续时间的异常与室性心律失常和心源性猝死的风险增加有关。然而，关于可改变因素（如咖啡摄入、吸烟、饮酒和体力活动）对 QT 间期持续时间的影响，仍存在很大的不确定性。
方法
我们研究了来自第三次全国健康和营养调查（NHANES III，1988-1994 年）的 7795 名男性和女性。基线 QT 间期从标准 12 导联心电图中测量。在家访期间，使用经过验证的问卷确定咖啡和茶的摄入量、酒精摄入量、过去一个月的休闲时间体力活动以及终生吸烟习惯。
结果
在完全调整的模型中，与不喝咖啡相比，每天饮用≥6 杯咖啡的参与者的 QT 间期平均差异为-1.2ms（95%CI-4.4 至 2.0），每天饮用≥6 杯茶的参与者的 QT 间期平均差异为-2.0ms（-11.2 至 7.3）。与从不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者的 QT 间期持续时间平均差异为 1.2ms（-0.6 至 2.9），与不饮酒者相比，每周饮用≥7 杯酒的参与者的 QT 间期持续时间平均差异为 1.8ms（-0.5 至 4.0）。与不饮酒者或不 binge 饮酒者相比，有 binge 饮酒史的男性的平均 QT 间期差异为 2.8ms（0.4 至 5.3），女性的平均 QT 间期差异为 4.0ms（1.6 至 6.4）。最后，与体力活动最低组相比，体力活动最高组的 QT 间期平均差异为-0.8ms（-3.0 至 1.4）。
结论
binge 饮酒与男性 QT 间期延长有关，但与女性无关。QT 间期持续时间与其他可改变的因素（包括咖啡和茶的摄入、吸烟和体力活动）无关。
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