Department of Ophthalmology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom.
Cornea. 2011 Aug;30(8):927-38. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e318201405a.
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) may be a physiological response to various stimuli, but a chronic and persistent upregulation of neoangiogenesis can result in pathological CNV. Pathological blood vessels are immature and lack structural integrity, predisposing the cornea to lipid exudation, inflammation, and scarring. CNV can therefore become a potentially blinding condition. In this review, we frame CNV in an epidemiological perspective, consider risk factors for CNV, provide an overview of CNV pathogenesis, and consider the impact of CNV on corneal transplantation. We consider treatments that are of largely historical interest, before reviewing contemporary medical and surgical treatments. Within medical treatments, we report on steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antivascular endothelial growth factor agents, and cyclosporine. Within surgical treatments, we report on the use of lasers, photodynamic therapy, superficial keratectomy, and diathermy/cautery-based treatments.
角膜新生血管（CNV）可能是对各种刺激的生理反应，但新生血管的慢性和持续上调可导致病理性 CNV。病理性血管不成熟且缺乏结构完整性，使角膜容易发生脂质渗出、炎症和瘢痕形成。因此，CNV 可能成为一种潜在的致盲疾病。在本综述中，我们从流行病学角度阐述 CNV，考虑 CNV 的危险因素，概述 CNV 的发病机制，并考虑 CNV 对角膜移植的影响。我们考虑了历史上主要的治疗方法，然后回顾了当代的医学和手术治疗方法。在医学治疗中，我们报告了类固醇、非甾体抗炎药、抗血管内皮生长因子药物和环孢素。在手术治疗中，我们报告了激光、光动力疗法、浅层角膜切除术以及热疗/电烙术的应用。
