Brooke Army Medical Center, 3851 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78244, USA.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Jul;469(7):1956-61. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1840-z.
Combat-wounded service members are surviving battle injuries more than ever. Given different combat roles held by men and women, female service members should survive wounds at an unprecedented rate.
QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We determined whether the casualty rates for females differ from their male counterparts and characterized wounds sustained by female casualties.
We calculated the percentage of the 5141 deaths among the 40,531 casualties by gender for those serving in Operations Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Iraqi Freedom (OIF) from Defense Manpower Statistics between 2001 and 2009. We searched the Joint Theatre Trauma Registry for female casualties and described their injury characteristics. No matched cohort of male casualties was searched.
Female veterans comprised 1.9% of all casualties and 2.4% of all deaths. In OIF, the percent death for women was 14.5% (103 deaths) versus 12.0% (4226 deaths) for men. In OEF, the percent death for women was 35.9% (19 deaths) versus 17.0% (793 deaths) for men. Battle-injured females had a greater proportion of facial and external injuries and more severe extremity injuries compared with those nonbattle-injured.
The casualty death rate appears higher for women than men although the mechanisms of fatal injuries are not known and may not be comparable. Although facial, external, and extremity injuries were common among battle-injured females, no conclusion can be made as to whether male casualties sustain similar wounding patterns.
Level II, prognostic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
参战的退伍军人比以往任何时候都能在战斗中幸存下来。鉴于男女军人承担的战斗角色不同，女性军人的存活率应该空前提高。
问题/目的：我们确定女性的伤亡率是否与男性不同，并描述女性伤亡者所受的伤口。
我们根据 2001 年至 2009 年国防人力统计数据，计算了在阿富汗自由行动（OEF）和伊拉克自由行动（OIF）中男女军人伤亡人数中，女性死亡人数占总死亡人数的百分比。我们在联合战区创伤登记处搜索了女性伤亡者的信息，并描述了她们的受伤特征。没有搜索到男性伤亡者的匹配队列。
女性退伍军人占所有伤亡人数的 1.9%，占所有死亡人数的 2.4%。在伊拉克自由行动中，女性的死亡率为 14.5%（103 人死亡），而男性的死亡率为 12.0%（4226 人死亡）。在阿富汗自由行动中，女性的死亡率为 35.9%（19 人死亡），而男性的死亡率为 17.0%（793 人死亡）。与非战斗受伤者相比，战斗受伤的女性面部和外部受伤的比例更高，四肢伤势更严重。
尽管致命伤的机制尚不清楚，也可能无法比较，但女性的伤亡死亡率似乎高于男性。虽然面部、外部和四肢受伤在战斗受伤的女性中很常见，但不能得出男性伤亡者是否有类似的受伤模式的结论。
二级，预后研究。有关证据水平的完整描述，请参见作者指南。
