Dave Dhaval M, Decker Sandra L, Kaestner Robert, Simon Kosali Ilayperuma
Department of Economics at Bentley University, USA.
Inquiry. 2010;47(4):315-30. doi: 10.5034/inquiryjrnl_47.04.315.
Using data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey, this paper analyzes the effect of Medicaid eligibility expansions from 1985 to 1996 on the health insurance coverage of women giving birth. We find that the eligibility expansions reduced the proportion of pregnant women who were uninsured by approximately 10%, although the magnitude of this decrease is sensitive to specification. The decrease in the proportion of uninsured pregnant women came at the expense of a substantial reduction in private insurance coverage (crowd-out) of at least 55%. Substantial crowd-out and the relatively small change in the proportion uninsured suggest that Medicaid eligibility expansions may have had small effects on infant and maternal health.
利用国家医院出院调查的数据，本文分析了1985年至1996年医疗补助资格扩大对分娩妇女医疗保险覆盖范围的影响。我们发现，资格扩大使未参保孕妇的比例降低了约10%，尽管这一降幅的幅度对设定方式较为敏感。未参保孕妇比例的下降是以私人保险覆盖范围（挤出效应）至少大幅降低55%为代价的。大量的挤出效应以及未参保比例相对较小的变化表明，医疗补助资格扩大可能对婴儿和孕产妇健康影响较小。
