St. Mary's Athletic Training Research and Education Laboratory, Athens, GA, USA.
J Athl Train. 2011 Mar-Apr;46(2):170-5. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-46.2.170.
To ensure that concussed athletes return to play safely, we need better methods of measuring concussion severity and monitoring concussion resolution.
To develop a dual-task model that assesses postural stability and cognitive processing in concussed athletes.
Repeated measures study.
University laboratory.
Twenty healthy, college-aged students (10 men, 10 women; age = 20 ± 1.86 years, height = 173 ± 4.10 cm, mass = 71.83 + 35.77 kg).
INTERVENTION(S): Participants were tested individually in 2 sessions separated by 2 days. In one session, a balance task and a cognitive task were performed separately. In the other session, the balance and cognitive tasks were performed concurrently. The balance task consisted of 6 conditions of the Sensory Organization Test performed on the NeuroCom Smart Balance Master. The cognitive task consisted of an auditory switch task (3 trials per condition, 60 seconds per trial).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): For the balance test, scores for each Sensory Organization Test condition; the visual, vestibular, somatosensory, and visual-conflict subscores; and the composite balance score were calculated. For the cognitive task, response time and accuracy were measured.
Balance improved during 2 dual-task conditions: fixed support and fixed visual reference (t18 = -2.34, P < .05) and fixed support and sway visual reference (t18 = -2.72, P = .014). Participants' response times were longer (F1,18 = 67.77, P < .001, η2 = 0.79) and choice errors were more numerous under dual-task conditions than under single-task conditions (F1,18 = 5.58, P = .03, η2 = 0.24). However, differences were observed only during category-switch trials.
Balance was either maintained or improved under dual-task conditions. Thus, postural control took priority over cognitive processing when the tasks were performed concurrently. Furthermore, dual-task conditions can isolate specific mental processes that may be useful for evaluating concussed individuals.
为了确保脑震荡运动员安全回归赛场，我们需要更好的方法来衡量脑震荡的严重程度和监测脑震荡的恢复情况。
开发一种双重任务模型，以评估脑震荡运动员的姿势稳定性和认知处理能力。
重复测量研究。
大学实验室。
20 名健康的大学生（10 名男性，10 名女性；年龄=20±1.86 岁，身高=173±4.10cm，体重=71.83+35.77kg）。
参与者在 2 天的间隔内分别接受了 2 次单独的测试。在一次测试中，分别进行平衡任务和认知任务。在另一次测试中，同时进行平衡和认知任务。平衡任务由在 NeuroCom Smart Balance Master 上进行的 6 种感觉组织测试条件组成。认知任务由听觉转换任务（每个条件 3 次试验，每次试验 60 秒）组成。
对于平衡测试，计算每个感觉组织测试条件的分数；视觉、前庭、躯体感觉和视觉冲突子分数；以及综合平衡分数。对于认知任务，测量反应时间和准确性。
在 2 种双重任务条件下，平衡得到改善：固定支撑和固定视觉参考（t18=-2.34，P<.05）和固定支撑和摆动视觉参考（t18=-2.72，P=.014）。在双重任务条件下，参与者的反应时间更长（F1,18=67.77，P<.001，η2=0.79），选择错误更多（F1,18=5.58，P=.03，η2=0.24）。然而，仅在类别转换试验中观察到差异。
在双重任务条件下，平衡要么保持不变，要么得到改善。因此，当任务同时进行时，姿势控制优先于认知处理。此外，双重任务条件可以分离可能有助于评估脑震荡个体的特定心理过程。
