Mäkela P
Helsinki University Central Hospital.
Z Gesamte Hyg. 1990 Feb;36(2):80-1.
Healthy skin and especially hand skin is a good individual barrier. On terms of healthy skin the hand washing and disinfection methods will effectively remove transient and lower resident flora if needed. Disturbed skin on the other hand may harbor pathogens like gram negative rods or Staphylococcus aureus strains as part of resident flora. Even the best hand hygiene methods will fail. There for other more gentle hand hygiene methods should be tested in use situations too. The alternatives are especially important for those layable to skin problems during dry and cold periods. Preliminary emulsion cleansing and then rinsing to traditional water and soap washing has shown to be a possibly hand skin caring alternative, which results in good reduction of bacteria when connected with alcohol disinfection.
健康的皮肤，尤其是手部皮肤，是一道良好的个体屏障。就健康皮肤而言，洗手和消毒方法在必要时能有效去除暂住菌和部分常驻菌。另一方面，受损皮肤可能会滋生革兰氏阴性杆菌或金黄色葡萄球菌等病原体，作为常驻菌的一部分。即便采用最佳的手部卫生方法也可能无效。因此，在实际使用场景中也应测试其他更温和的手部卫生方法。对于那些在干燥寒冷时期容易出现皮肤问题的人来说，这些替代方法尤为重要。初步的乳液清洁，然后用传统的水和肥皂冲洗，已被证明可能是一种手部皮肤护理的替代方法，与酒精消毒结合使用时能有效减少细菌数量。
