Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK.
Sleep Med. 2011 Apr;12(4):403-9. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.09.009.
Negative life events are associated with sleep disturbances. Further understanding of these associations is beneficial as sleep disturbances are common. We assessed the association between two commonly distinguished types of negative life events (dependent vs. independent) and sleep quality. The extent to which genetic and environmental influences explained the association between dependent negative life events and sleep quality was also assessed. Finally, we examined the presence of gene-environment interaction by assessing whether genetic liability to sleep disturbance varied as a function of dependent negative life events.
Structural equation modelling was used to perform the statistical analyses on questionnaire data collected from 1556 twin and non-twin siblings.
Poor sleep quality was more strongly associated with dependent as compared to independent negative life events (r=.34 and .15, respectively). There was substantial overlap in the genetic influences on the association between dependent negative life events and poor sleep quality (rA=.62([.43-.81])), suggesting gene-environment correlation. Environmental overlap was small (rE=.16([.04-.28])). Genetic influences accounted for a large proportion of the association (70%([.47-.92])) with the remaining co-variance due to non-shared environment (30%([.08-.53])). Genetic liability to sleep quality was not moderated by dependent negative life events.
Genetic and environmental effects on sleep are not necessarily distinct but to some extent work in concert. This should be considered in future studies assessing the genetic and environmental effects on sleep.
负面生活事件与睡眠障碍有关。进一步了解这些关联是有益的，因为睡眠障碍很常见。我们评估了两种常见的负面生活事件（依赖型和独立型）与睡眠质量之间的关联。还评估了遗传和环境影响解释依赖型负面生活事件与睡眠质量之间关联的程度。最后，我们通过评估遗传易感性对睡眠障碍的影响是否随依赖型负面生活事件的变化而变化，来检验基因-环境相互作用的存在。
采用结构方程模型对从 1556 对双胞胎和非双胞胎兄弟姐妹收集的问卷调查数据进行了统计分析。
与独立负面生活事件相比，不良睡眠质量与依赖负面生活事件的相关性更强（r=.34 和.15）。依赖型负面生活事件与不良睡眠质量之间关联的遗传影响有很大的重叠（rA=.62([.43-.81])），表明存在基因-环境相关。环境重叠较小（rE=.16([.04-.28])）。遗传影响占关联的很大比例（70%([.47-.92]），剩余的协方差归因于非共享环境（30%([.08-.53]））。睡眠质量的遗传易感性不受依赖型负面生活事件的调节。
睡眠的遗传和环境影响不一定是相互独立的，但在某种程度上是协同作用的。在评估遗传和环境对睡眠的影响的未来研究中，应考虑这一点。
