Dept. of IPhysiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Univ., Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011 Sep;111(3):905-15. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00004.2011. Epub 2011 Mar 10.
The ability of exercise to protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is well known in both human epidemiological studies and experimental animal models. In this review article, we describe what is currently known about the ability of exercise to precondition the heart against infarction. Just 1 day of exercise can protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion damage, and this protection is upheld with months of exercise, making exercise one of the few sustainable preconditioning stimuli. Exercise preconditioning depends on the model and intensity of exercise, and appears to involve heightened oxidant buffering capacity, upregulated subunits of sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive potassium channels, and adaptations to cardiac mitochondria. We review the putative mechanisms involved in exercise preconditioning and point out many areas where future research is necessary to advance our understanding of how this stimulus confers resistance against I/R damage.
运动对缺血再灌注（I/R）损伤的心脏保护作用在人类流行病学研究和实验动物模型中已得到充分证实。在这篇综述文章中，我们描述了目前已知的运动对心脏梗塞的预适应能力。仅仅 1 天的运动就可以保护心脏免受缺血/再灌注损伤，而且这种保护作用可以持续数月的运动，使运动成为少数几种可持续的预处理刺激之一。运动预处理取决于运动的模式和强度，似乎涉及增强的氧化缓冲能力、肌浆网 ATP 敏感性钾通道亚单位的上调以及心脏线粒体的适应。我们回顾了运动预处理涉及的潜在机制，并指出了许多需要进一步研究的领域，以深入了解这种刺激如何赋予心脏对 I/R 损伤的抵抗能力。
