Yasuhiko Sugawara, Sumihito Tamura, Norihiro Kokudo, Artificial Organ and Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
World J Gastrointest Surg. 2011 Feb 27;3(2):21-8. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v3.i2.21.
Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996 for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, the incidence of liver diseases secondary to co-infection with hepatitis C has increased. Although data on the outcome of liver transplantation in HIV-infected recipients is limited, the overall results to date seem to be comparable to that in non-HIV-infected recipients. Liver transplant centers are now accepting HIV-infected individuals as organ recipients. Post-transplantation HIV replication is controlled by HAART. Hepatitis C re-infection of the liver graft, however, remains an important problem because cirrhotic changes of the liver graft may be more rapid in HIV-infected recipients. Interactions between the HAART components and immunosuppressive drugs influence drug metabolism and therefore meticulous monitoring of drug blood level concentrations is required. The risk of opportunistic infection in HIV-positive transplant patients seems to be similar to that in HIV-negative transplant recipients.
自 1996 年高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）用于治疗人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者以来，合并丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的肝脏疾病的发病率有所增加。尽管关于 HIV 感染受者肝移植结局的数据有限，但迄今为止的总体结果似乎与非 HIV 感染受者相似。肝移植中心现在开始接受 HIV 感染个体作为器官受者。肝移植后，HIV 复制可通过 HAART 得到控制。然而，肝移植后 HCV 的再次感染仍是一个重要问题，因为 HIV 感染受者的肝移植后肝硬化变化可能更快。HAART 成分与免疫抑制剂之间的相互作用会影响药物代谢，因此需要仔细监测药物血药浓度。HIV 阳性移植受者的机会性感染风险似乎与 HIV 阴性移植受者相似。
