Department of Cardiac Imaging, Hospital Vall d´Hebron, Pº Vall d´Hebron 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2011 Jun;13(3):234-41. doi: 10.1007/s11886-011-0175-4.
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common form of congenital heart disease, with frequent and premature occurrence of cardiac events, dominated by significant valvular dysfunction. BAV has a high prevalence of aortic wall abnormalities such as ascending aortic dilatation. Because more rapid aortic dilatation can occur, once the ascending aorta reaches 40 mm, annual imaging with echocardiography or other imaging techniques is indicated. The most feared complication is aortic dissection. However, the actual incidence of this complication is low (4%). Although limited data exist regarding prophylactic intervention, it is suggested that elective surgical repair of BAV-associated aortic dilatation should be more aggressively recommended. In patients with BAV, the decision to indicate surgical treatment in aortic diameters between 50 and 55 mm should be based on patient age, body size, comorbidities, type of surgery, and the presence of additional risk factors.
二叶式主动脉瓣（BAV）是最常见的先天性心脏病形式，常伴有心脏事件的发生和过早发生，主要表现为明显的瓣膜功能障碍。BAV 常伴有升主动脉扩张等主动脉壁异常。由于升主动脉扩张可能更快，一旦升主动脉达到 40 毫米，应每年进行超声心动图或其他影像学检查。最可怕的并发症是主动脉夹层。然而，这种并发症的实际发生率较低（4%）。尽管预防性干预的相关数据有限，但建议更积极地推荐对与 BAV 相关的主动脉扩张进行择期手术修复。对于 BAV 患者，在主动脉直径为 50 至 55 毫米之间是否进行手术治疗的决策应基于患者年龄、体型、合并症、手术类型以及是否存在其他危险因素。
