Iragüen D, Urcelay S, San Martín B
Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Apr;34(2):108-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01201.x.
Iragüen, D., Urcelay, S., San Martín, B. Pharmacovigilance in veterinary medicine in Chile: a pilot study. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 108-115. In Chile, there is no present government policy to survey and analyse adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the field of veterinary medicine. The intent of this study is to assess, for the first time, ADR frequency in treated animals. To this purpose, a 6-month period pilot study based on WHO recommendations was conducted to monitor ADRs in cats and dogs for frequently used drugs and common labelled signs. Of a total of 149 detected ADRs, 29 (6 in cats and 23 in dogs) were notified by means of ADR report forms, while the rest was identified after reviewing patient clinical records, thus evidencing strong under-reporting problems. More than 70% of ADRs were related to antimicrobials, vaccines and tranquilizers. In dogs, there was a significant effect on ADRs' presentation when acepromazine, amoxicillin, carprofen, ivermectin, sextuple vaccine (polyvalent vaccine that confers immunity against canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, Leptospira canicola, L. icterohemmoragiae, canine adenovirus type 2 and canine parainfluenza virus) and phytomenadione (subcutaneous injection) were administered. In the case of cats, a significant influence on ADRs was detected when acepromazine, amoxicillin or vitamin K was administered. Present results suggest the need for a pharmacovigilance programme in veterinary medicine for timely ADR-presenting drug detection and drug safety improvement.
伊拉根，D.，乌尔塞莱，S.，圣马丁，B. 智利兽医药理学警戒：一项试点研究。《兽医药理学与治疗学杂志》34卷，第108 - 115页。在智利，目前没有政府政策对兽医学领域的药物不良反应（ADR）进行调查和分析。本研究的目的是首次评估接受治疗动物的ADR发生率。为此，根据世界卫生组织的建议开展了一项为期6个月的试点研究，以监测猫和狗使用常用药物及常见标签标识时的ADR。在总共检测到的149例ADR中，有29例（猫6例，狗23例）通过ADR报告表上报，其余则是在查阅患者临床记录后发现的，这表明存在严重的漏报问题。超过70%的ADR与抗菌药物、疫苗和镇静剂有关。在狗身上，当使用乙酰丙嗪、阿莫西林、卡洛芬、伊维菌素、六联疫苗（一种多价疫苗，可预防犬瘟热病毒、犬细小病毒、犬钩端螺旋体、黄疸出血型钩端螺旋体、犬腺病毒2型和犬副流感病毒）和植物甲萘醌（皮下注射）时，对ADR的发生有显著影响。在猫的案例中，当使用乙酰丙嗪、阿莫西林或维生素K时，检测到对ADR有显著影响。目前的结果表明，兽医学需要一个药物警戒计划，以便及时发现出现ADR的药物并改善药物安全性。
