Neronov Valery M, Khlyap Ludmila A, Bobrov Vladimir V, Warshavsky Andrey A
A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Integr Zool. 2008 Jun;3(2):83-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2008.00084.x.
The paper analyses the results of a survey of 37 Russian biosphere reserves using questionnaires concerning the presence of alien species of mammals, their pathways of penetration, and their impacts on protected ecosystems. The penetration of alien mammals into terrestrial ecosystems of Russia is extensive, both in places with maximum human environmental impact (inhabited areas and agricultural lands) and in biosphere reserves with minimal human impact. There are 62 mammal species registered as alien in Russian ecosystems and they account for 22% of the terrestrial mammal fauna of Russia. The percentage of alien species in biosphere reserves is 32.6% at most. In most regions, Castor fiber, Ondatra zibethicus, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Canis familiaris, Neovison vison and Sus scrofa are very dangerous, and both Castor fiber and Sus scrofa can have environment-forming impacts.
本文通过问卷调查分析了37个俄罗斯生物圈保护区的情况，问卷涉及外来哺乳动物物种的存在情况、它们的侵入途径以及对受保护生态系统的影响。外来哺乳动物侵入俄罗斯的陆地生态系统范围广泛，在人类对环境影响最大的地方（居民区和农田）以及人类影响最小的生物圈保护区均有发生。在俄罗斯生态系统中登记为外来物种的哺乳动物有62种，它们占俄罗斯陆地哺乳动物区系的22%。生物圈保护区中外来物种的比例最高为32.6%。在大多数地区，河狸、麝鼠、貉、家犬、北美水貂和野猪非常危险，河狸和野猪都可能对环境形成影响。
