Purification and characterization of pig kidney aminopeptidase P. A glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored ectoenzyme.

Aminopeptidase P (EC 3.4.11.9) was solubilized from pig kidney membranes with bacterial phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) and then purified by a combination of anion-exchange and hydrophobic-interaction chromatographies. Contaminating peptidase activities were removed by selective affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme was apparently homogeneous on SDS/PAGE with an Mr of 91,000. Enzymic deglycosylation revealed that aminopeptidase P is a glycoprotein, with up to 25% by weight of the protein being due to the presence of N-linked sugars. The phospholipase-solubilized aminopeptidase P was recognized by an antiserum to the cross-reacting determinant (CRD) characteristic of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor. This recognition was abolished by mild acid treatment or deamination with HNO2, indicating that the CRD was due exclusively to the inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate ring epitope generated by the action of PI-PLC. The activity of aminopeptidase P was inhibited by chelating agents and was stimulated by Mn2+ or Co2+ ions, confirming the metallo-enzyme nature of this peptidase. Selective inhibitors of other aminopeptidases (actinonin, amastatin, bestatin and puromycin) had little or no inhibitory effect.