Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2011 May;6(3):208-13. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e3283457798.
Over the last decade our understanding of the role of natural killer cells in HIV infection has changed dramatically due to strong epidemiological, phenotypic, and functional data providing evidence for their involvement in antiviral control. Here we review the current literature on natural killer cells in the control of HIV infection, with a specific focus on their role in HIV controllers, individuals that spontaneously control HIV replication in the absence of antiretroviral therapy.
Differences between progressors and controllers are highlighted in the context of genetic influences, natural killer cell phenotypes, function and dysregulation. Also, recent findings on the role of natural killer cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in HIV control are summarized.
This evolving understanding of the complex biology of natural killer cells and their multifaceted role in HIV infection offer exciting new approaches for future vaccine strategies. Furthermore, the specific natural killer cell phenotype and function observed in controllers may guide new vaccine modalities that specifically harness the antiviral power of natural killer cells as adjuvants, or as direct effectors.
过去十年，由于强有力的流行病学、表型和功能数据为自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞在抗病毒控制中的作用提供了证据，我们对 HIV 感染中 NK 细胞作用的理解发生了巨大变化。在此，我们复习了 NK 细胞在 HIV 感染控制中的最新文献，特别关注其在 HIV 自然控制者中的作用，即未经抗逆转录病毒治疗而自发控制 HIV 复制的个体。
在遗传影响、NK 细胞表型、功能和失调的背景下，突出了进展者和控制者之间的差异。此外，还总结了 NK 细胞介导的抗体依赖细胞毒性在 HIV 控制中的作用的最新发现。
对 NK 细胞复杂生物学及其在 HIV 感染中多方面作用的这种不断发展的理解，为未来疫苗策略提供了令人兴奋的新方法。此外，在控制者中观察到的 NK 细胞特定表型和功能可能指导新的疫苗模式，这些模式可特异性利用 NK 细胞作为佐剂或直接效应物的抗病毒能力。
