Tolkoff-Rubin N A, Rubin R H, Keller E E, Baker G P, Stewart J A, Hirsch M S
Ann Intern Med. 1978 Nov;89(5 Pt 1):625-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-625.
In a 12-month prospective study of cytomegalovirus infection on an acute hemodialysis unit, 10 of 80 patients (13%) and none of 26 staff developed active cytomegalovirus infection. Seven infections were coincidental with renal allograft rejection; three occurred 3 to 6 weeks after the transfusion of multiple units of conventional blood into seronegative patients. No person-to-person transmission was documented. In contrast to the effects of transfusing conventional blood, all 21 patients who entered dialysis without detectable cytomegalovirus antibody and received 2 to 10 U of frozen deglycerolyzed erythrocytes (total of 157 U) remained seronegative. Transmission of cytomegalovirus infection with transfusion with conventional blood is probably secondary to passage of leukocyte-borne virus that is lost during the freezing and deglycerolization procedure. Frozen erythrocytes prepared by cytoagglomeration procedures appear to be free of viable leukocytes and appear to carry a minimal risk of transmitting cytomegalovirus infection.
在一项针对急性血液透析单元巨细胞病毒感染的为期12个月的前瞻性研究中，80名患者中有10名（13%）发生了活动性巨细胞病毒感染，而26名工作人员均未感染。7例感染与肾移植排斥反应同时发生；3例发生在向血清阴性患者输注多单位常规血液后的3至6周。未记录到人际传播。与输注常规血液的影响相反，所有21名进入透析时未检测到巨细胞病毒抗体且接受了2至10单位冷冻去甘油红细胞（共157单位）的患者仍保持血清阴性。常规血液输血导致巨细胞病毒感染的传播可能是由于白细胞携带的病毒在冷冻和去甘油化过程中丢失所致。通过细胞团聚程序制备的冷冻红细胞似乎不含活白细胞，并且传播巨细胞病毒感染的风险似乎极小。
