Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, UK.
Health Psychol. 2011 Mar;30(2):236-45. doi: 10.1037/a0022379.
This research tested the role of traditional rational-cognitive factors and emotional barriers to posthumous organ donation. An example of an emotional barrier is the "ick" factor, a basic disgust reaction to the idea of organ donation. We also tested the potential role of manipulating anticipated regret to increase intention to donate in people who are not yet registered organ donors.
In three experiments involving 621 members of the United Kingdom general public, participants were invited to complete questionnaire measures tapping potential emotional affective attitude barriers such as the "ick" factor, the desire to retain bodily integrity after death, and medical mistrust. Registered posthumous organ donors were compared with nondonors. In Experiments 2 and 3, nondonors were then allocated to a simple anticipated regret manipulation versus a control condition, and the impact on intention to donate was tested.
Self-reported emotional barriers and intention to donate in the future.
Traditional rational-cognitive factors such as knowledge, attitude, and subjective norm failed to distinguish donors from nondonors. However, in all three experiments, nondonors scored significantly higher than donors on the emotional "ick" factor and bodily integrity scales. A simple anticipated regret manipulation led to a significant increase in intention to register as an organ donor in future.
Negative affective attitudes are thus crucial barriers to people registering as organ donors. A simple anticipated regret manipulation has the potential to significantly increase organ donation rates.
本研究检验了传统理性认知因素和阻碍死后器官捐献的情感障碍的作用。情感障碍的一个例子是“厌恶”因素，即对器官捐献想法的基本厌恶反应。我们还测试了通过操纵预期后悔来增加尚未登记为器官捐献者捐赠意愿的潜在作用。
在涉及英国普通公众 621 名成员的三项实验中，邀请参与者完成问卷调查，这些问卷涉及潜在的情感障碍，如“厌恶”因素、死后保留身体完整性的愿望和对医疗的不信任。将已登记的死后器官捐献者与未捐献者进行比较。在实验 2 和 3 中，未捐献者随后被分配到简单的预期后悔干预组和对照组，然后测试对捐赠意愿的影响。
自我报告的情感障碍和未来捐赠的意愿。
传统的理性认知因素，如知识、态度和主观规范，无法区分捐献者和未捐献者。然而，在所有三项实验中，未捐献者在情感“厌恶”因素和身体完整性量表上的得分明显高于捐献者。简单的预期后悔干预导致未来登记为器官捐献者的意愿显著增加。
因此，消极的情感态度是人们登记为器官捐献者的关键障碍。简单的预期后悔干预有可能显著提高器官捐献率。
