肖菝葜挥发油的抗菌活性及其化学成分研究。

Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México.

J Pharm Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;63(4):579-86. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01243.x. Epub 2011 Mar 1.

OBJECTIVES

The aims of this study were to establish the antimicrobial potential of Hofmeisteria schaffneri essential oil and its chemical composition.

METHODS

The essential oils of Hofmeisteria schaffneri harvested at flowering (batches I and IV) and non-flowering (batches II and III) seasons were prepared by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS. The aqueous and organic (CH(2) Cl(2) -MeOH 1 : 1) extracts were prepared by using infusion and maceration techniques, respectively. The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of the preparations and compounds against Candida albicans and some bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) was assessed using the broth dilution method in 96-microplate wells.

KEY FINDINGS

Forty-four compounds, representing ∼90% of the total constituents, were identified in the essential oil of Hofmeisteria schaffneri collected in flowering (batches I and IV) and non-flowering (batches II and III) seasons. In all cases, several thymol analogues were the major components of the oils (∼65%); some small differences in the relative proportions of these constituents were observed. The infusion exhibited an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, with a MIC value of 64 µg/ml in each case. The essential oil batches were active against Staphylococcus aureus, with MIC ranging from 48 to 192 µg/ml. They were, however, inactive against Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi (MIC > 1024 µg/ml). On the other hand, the infusion of the plant as well as the oil from batch I displayed anti-Candida albicans activity, with MIC of 128 and 192 µg/ml, respectively. Finally, the organic extract did not displayed significant activity against the tested microorganisms (MIC ≥ 1024 µg/ml). Some of the compounds isolated from the plant were also tested. Compounds 8 and 38, which were present in the essential oils, displayed the best antibacterial effect against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC ranging between 32 and 64 µg/ml). Compounds 6 (present in the infusion) and 10 (present in all preparations) showed higher activity against the yeast (MIC = 128 µg/ml) than the remaining compounds, with MIC values ranging from 256 to 512 µg/ml.

CONCLUSIONS

The composition and antimicrobial activity of the oils changed slightly from flowering to non-flowering seasons. The results of the present investigation provide in-vitro scientific support for the use of the plant against skin infections in Mexican folk medicine.

目的

本研究旨在确定 Hofmeisteria schaffneri 精油的抗菌潜力及其化学成分。

方法

通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取 Hofmeisteria schaffneri 的精油，并通过 GC 和 GC-MS 进行分析。使用浸渍法和浸提法分别制备水提物和有机（CH(2)Cl(2)-MeOH 1:1）提取物。采用 96 孔微量板稀释法评估制剂和化合物对白色念珠菌和一些细菌（革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性）的体外抗菌活性。

主要发现

在开花（I 批和 IV 批）和不开花（II 批和 III 批）季节采集的 Hofmeisteria schaffneri 精油中鉴定出 44 种化合物，占总成分的约 90%。在所有情况下，几种百里香类似物都是油的主要成分（约 65%）；观察到这些成分的相对比例存在一些小差异。水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌具有抗菌活性，MIC 值均为 64μg/ml。油的各批次均对金黄色葡萄球菌有效，MIC 值范围为 48-192μg/ml。然而，它们对革兰氏阴性菌（包括铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌和伤寒沙门氏菌）无效（MIC>1024μg/ml）。另一方面，植物的水提物以及 I 批油均对白色念珠菌表现出抗真菌活性，MIC 值分别为 128 和 192μg/ml。最后，有机提取物对测试的微生物没有显示出显著的活性（MIC≥1024μg/ml）。还测试了从植物中分离出的一些化合物。化合物 8 和 38 存在于精油中，对革兰氏阳性菌显示出最佳的抗菌效果（MIC 范围为 32-64μg/ml）。化合物 6（存在于水提物中）和 10（存在于所有制剂中）对酵母的活性高于其他化合物（MIC=128μg/ml），MIC 值范围为 256-512μg/ml。